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<p>This study established hematological reference intervals (RI) and examined the influence of season, sex, age and management systems on the blood parameters of clinically healthy mithuns. Baseline values (mean ± SD) such as WBC (11.6 ± 2.7 × 10³/µL), RBC (6.2 ± 2.0 × 10⁶/µL), hemoglobin (10.0 ± 3.4&#xa0;g/dL), hematocrit (31.9 ± 8.3%) and platelets (271 ± 132 × 10³/µL) were estimated. Seasonal variation was characterized by significant increases in MCV, MCH, and MPV during the winter while lymphocytes and RDW-CV increased in summer. Sex-related analysis revealed that the females had higher MCHC whereas the males exhibited higher monocytes and RDW indices. Older animals (&gt; 3 years) displayed significantly higher WBC and RBC counts, with higher RDW-CV, whereas younger animals (≤ 3 years) showed macrocytic erythrocytes with higher MCV and MCH. Management system comparisons showed the mithuns under the semi-intensive system rearing had significantly higher MCV, MCH, MCHC, platelets, lymphocytes and pro-thrombocytic indices as compared to the free-ranging animals. These findings established robust hematological reference intervals for mithun and demonstrated clear modulation of hematological traits, providing a scientific basis for health monitoring, disease diagnosis, and improved management of this unique species.</p>

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Hematological reference intervals and the influence of season, sex, age, and management on mithun (Bos frontalis)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月22日

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  • Jayanta Kumar Chamuah,
  • Angughali Aheto Sumi,
  • Livika T. Awomi,
  • Perumal Ponraj,
  • Debojyoti Borkotoky,
  • S. Girish Patil

摘要

This study established hematological reference intervals (RI) and examined the influence of season, sex, age and management systems on the blood parameters of clinically healthy mithuns. Baseline values (mean ± SD) such as WBC (11.6 ± 2.7 × 10³/µL), RBC (6.2 ± 2.0 × 10⁶/µL), hemoglobin (10.0 ± 3.4 g/dL), hematocrit (31.9 ± 8.3%) and platelets (271 ± 132 × 10³/µL) were estimated. Seasonal variation was characterized by significant increases in MCV, MCH, and MPV during the winter while lymphocytes and RDW-CV increased in summer. Sex-related analysis revealed that the females had higher MCHC whereas the males exhibited higher monocytes and RDW indices. Older animals (> 3 years) displayed significantly higher WBC and RBC counts, with higher RDW-CV, whereas younger animals (≤ 3 years) showed macrocytic erythrocytes with higher MCV and MCH. Management system comparisons showed the mithuns under the semi-intensive system rearing had significantly higher MCV, MCH, MCHC, platelets, lymphocytes and pro-thrombocytic indices as compared to the free-ranging animals. These findings established robust hematological reference intervals for mithun and demonstrated clear modulation of hematological traits, providing a scientific basis for health monitoring, disease diagnosis, and improved management of this unique species.