<p>Small ruminants play major role in livelihood of small and marginal farmers. Because of thermal tolerance, disease resistance and survival on poor pasture, goats are fit for rearing worldwide. To study the grazing associated heat stress, ten herds and six animals from each herd were selected for Beetal and Bakarwal breeds and physiological, biochemical and genes related to heat stress, inflammatory reaction, immunity and antioxidant activity were recorded. In physiological parameters significant increase in RR (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and RT (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) was observed after grazing in both breeds. In blood biochemical parameters significant increase (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) was found in blood glucose and SGOT level after grazing in both breeds whereas significant decrease was observed in plasma concentration of K⁺ and Na⁺. In heat shock protein genes, the expression of HSF1, HSPA1A, HSPA2 and HSPA8 were increased after grazing in both breeds. Significant increase (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) was only found in HSPA8. In pro and anti-inflammatory genes ASC, NLRP3, NFKB, IL-08, and IL-1β were observed with higher expression, significant increase (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) was observed in ASC expression. IFNG expression was significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) increased after grazing. SOD expression was increased in Bakarwal breed after grazing and GPX expression was significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) increased in Beetal breed post grazing.</p>