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<p>This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of different plant protein-to-energy ratios in calf starters on the growth performance of calves born to Mpwapwa (synthetic double-purpose breed) cows and their crosses. The trial involved 80 calves over two months at a research farm in central Tanzania. Three feed rations, each containing one plant protein source: soybean meal (SBM), sunflower seed cake (SSC), and <i>Acacia tortilis</i> pod cake (ATC), were balanced for nutrient requirements. Calves were housed individually, and their body weights were recorded weekly to calculate average daily gain (ADG). A factorial ANCOVA was used to analyze the effects of feed, sex, and breed on ADG. <i>Post hoc</i> pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni corrections were performed after significant ANOVA results. A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted by calculating the cost-effectiveness ratios (CERs) based on the cost per 100 g of weight gain. Calves fed on SBM, SSC, and ATC outperformed those in the control group. While SBM and SSC led to higher gains than ATC, there was no significant difference between the two. SSC was the most cost-effective protein source, costing Tsh (currency of Tanzania) 266 per 100 g of weight gain, followed by ATC at Tsh 339, and SBM at Tsh 401. It was concluded that SSC was the most cost-effective protein source for Mpwapwa breed calves.</p>

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Cost-effectiveness of soybean meal, sunflower seed cake, and Acacia tortilis pod cake on the growth performance of Mpwapwa breed calves

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月18日

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  • Cleopa W. Mmbaga,
  • Eliakunda C. Kimbi,
  • Mwemezi L. Kabululu

摘要

This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of different plant protein-to-energy ratios in calf starters on the growth performance of calves born to Mpwapwa (synthetic double-purpose breed) cows and their crosses. The trial involved 80 calves over two months at a research farm in central Tanzania. Three feed rations, each containing one plant protein source: soybean meal (SBM), sunflower seed cake (SSC), and Acacia tortilis pod cake (ATC), were balanced for nutrient requirements. Calves were housed individually, and their body weights were recorded weekly to calculate average daily gain (ADG). A factorial ANCOVA was used to analyze the effects of feed, sex, and breed on ADG. Post hoc pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni corrections were performed after significant ANOVA results. A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted by calculating the cost-effectiveness ratios (CERs) based on the cost per 100 g of weight gain. Calves fed on SBM, SSC, and ATC outperformed those in the control group. While SBM and SSC led to higher gains than ATC, there was no significant difference between the two. SSC was the most cost-effective protein source, costing Tsh (currency of Tanzania) 266 per 100 g of weight gain, followed by ATC at Tsh 339, and SBM at Tsh 401. It was concluded that SSC was the most cost-effective protein source for Mpwapwa breed calves.