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<p>In the context of global warming, heat stress has become a significant issue in poultry farming, adversely affecting the reproductive capabilities of roosters. This research investigated the protective effects of curcumin on roosters against heat stress-related damage by examining its impact on semen volume, seminiferous tubule morphology, and testicular transcriptome profiles. A total of thirty healthy Lohmann Pink roosters, aged 26 weeks, were randomly divided into three groups for a 30-day study: the control group (C group, 25 ± 1&#xa0;°C), the heat stress group (H group, 32 ± 1&#xa0;°C), and the curcumin treatment group (T group, 32 ± 1&#xa0;°C supplemented with 200&#xa0;mg/kg curcumin). Semen volume was measured in the fourth week of the experiment, and testes were analyzed for seminiferous tubule morphometry (basement membrane thickness, seminiferous tubule diameter). RNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched pathways. Compared to Group C, Group H showed reduced semen volume (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) and seminiferous tubule damage, including thinning of the limiting membrane (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), disorganized spermatogenic cells, and reduced luminal sperm. Compared to Group H, Group T exhibited improved semen volume (<i>p &lt;</i> 0.05), thicker limiting membranes (<i>p &lt;</i> 0.01), and expanded tubule lumina (<i>p &lt;</i> 0.05), though mature sperm counts remained low. The transcriptomic analysis revealed that Group C and Group H were characterized by distinct gene expression profiles. Additionally, DEGs were identified among the groups: DEGs in HvC, TvH, and TvC were enriched in pathways related to focal adhesion and extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, the ribosome, and RNA transport, respectively. The results suggest that curcumin may effects likely involve the restoration of seminiferous tubules, upregulation of essential genes in the ribosome pathway (<i>MEA1</i>), and modulation of genes associated with RNA transport (<i>TCFL5</i>) and spermatogenesis (<i>SPATA16</i>), indicating potential therapeutic targets and pathways.</p>

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Curcumin mitigates heat stress-induced gonadal dysfunction in roosters: insights from semen, histology, and transcriptome analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月3日

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  • Qiling Su,
  • Kai Kang,
  • Huimingda Bao,
  • Haien Chen,
  • Jie Chen,
  • Jiang Wu

摘要

In the context of global warming, heat stress has become a significant issue in poultry farming, adversely affecting the reproductive capabilities of roosters. This research investigated the protective effects of curcumin on roosters against heat stress-related damage by examining its impact on semen volume, seminiferous tubule morphology, and testicular transcriptome profiles. A total of thirty healthy Lohmann Pink roosters, aged 26 weeks, were randomly divided into three groups for a 30-day study: the control group (C group, 25 ± 1 °C), the heat stress group (H group, 32 ± 1 °C), and the curcumin treatment group (T group, 32 ± 1 °C supplemented with 200 mg/kg curcumin). Semen volume was measured in the fourth week of the experiment, and testes were analyzed for seminiferous tubule morphometry (basement membrane thickness, seminiferous tubule diameter). RNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched pathways. Compared to Group C, Group H showed reduced semen volume (p < 0.05) and seminiferous tubule damage, including thinning of the limiting membrane (p < 0.05), disorganized spermatogenic cells, and reduced luminal sperm. Compared to Group H, Group T exhibited improved semen volume (p < 0.05), thicker limiting membranes (p < 0.01), and expanded tubule lumina (p < 0.05), though mature sperm counts remained low. The transcriptomic analysis revealed that Group C and Group H were characterized by distinct gene expression profiles. Additionally, DEGs were identified among the groups: DEGs in HvC, TvH, and TvC were enriched in pathways related to focal adhesion and extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, the ribosome, and RNA transport, respectively. The results suggest that curcumin may effects likely involve the restoration of seminiferous tubules, upregulation of essential genes in the ribosome pathway (MEA1), and modulation of genes associated with RNA transport (TCFL5) and spermatogenesis (SPATA16), indicating potential therapeutic targets and pathways.