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<p>Owing to the challenging machinability of titanium alloys with poor thermal conductivity and high chemical reactivity, accelerated tool wear imposes stringent demands on cutting fluid lubrication. To develop a high-lubricity fluid for titanium alloy machining, this study constructed a ternary hybrid lubrication system of polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG 600), protic ionic liquids (PILs), and triethanolamine borate (TAB) via tribological tests. Evaluation of its friction-reducing and wear-resistant properties on a titanium alloy-cemented carbide pair determined the optimal concentrations of 8% PILs and 10% TAB. Under testing conditions of 100&#xa0;°C and 100 N, this system achieved a 69.5% reduction in the friction coefficient and a 51.7% wear volume decrease compared to conventional PEG 600 solution. It also showed reductions of 34.1% in the friction coefficient and 20.1% in the wear volume relative to&#xa0;the formulated binary hybrid lubrication system. At 700&#xa0;°C and 100 N, the system lowered the friction coefficient by 33.8% and the wear volume by 29.1% versus&#xa0;the formulated binary hybrid lubrication system. The lubrication mechanism investigation revealed that the outstanding performance stems from a robust lubricating film formed synergistically. This film integrates a dynamic hydrogen-bond network from PEG 600, a dense electrostatic adsorption layer from the PILs, and titanium borate generated in situ on the titanium alloy by TAB at high temperatures. This study provides a viable technical strategy and a solid theoretical foundation for developing high-performance cutting fluids specifically designed for titanium alloys.</p>

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Study on the Friction-Reducing and Wear-Resistant Properties of the PEG–PILs–TAB Ternary Hybrid Lubrication System and Analysis of Its Mechanism

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月11日

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  • Longbo Xu,
  • Quanwei Yang,
  • Jiajie Tang,
  • Xiangpeng Yu,
  • Xiuru Li,
  • Jingyang Feng,
  • Zhaocheng Wei

摘要

Owing to the challenging machinability of titanium alloys with poor thermal conductivity and high chemical reactivity, accelerated tool wear imposes stringent demands on cutting fluid lubrication. To develop a high-lubricity fluid for titanium alloy machining, this study constructed a ternary hybrid lubrication system of polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG 600), protic ionic liquids (PILs), and triethanolamine borate (TAB) via tribological tests. Evaluation of its friction-reducing and wear-resistant properties on a titanium alloy-cemented carbide pair determined the optimal concentrations of 8% PILs and 10% TAB. Under testing conditions of 100 °C and 100 N, this system achieved a 69.5% reduction in the friction coefficient and a 51.7% wear volume decrease compared to conventional PEG 600 solution. It also showed reductions of 34.1% in the friction coefficient and 20.1% in the wear volume relative to the formulated binary hybrid lubrication system. At 700 °C and 100 N, the system lowered the friction coefficient by 33.8% and the wear volume by 29.1% versus the formulated binary hybrid lubrication system. The lubrication mechanism investigation revealed that the outstanding performance stems from a robust lubricating film formed synergistically. This film integrates a dynamic hydrogen-bond network from PEG 600, a dense electrostatic adsorption layer from the PILs, and titanium borate generated in situ on the titanium alloy by TAB at high temperatures. This study provides a viable technical strategy and a solid theoretical foundation for developing high-performance cutting fluids specifically designed for titanium alloys.