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<p>Fretting wear is a critical failure mechanism in grease-lubricated oscillating bearings, such as the pitch bearings in wind turbines, with lubrication starvation being a primary root cause. While tribochemical solutions remain underexplored, this study demonstrates the efficacy of antiwear (AW) additives in preventing fretting via tribofilm formation in oscillatory contacts. Experiments employed Falex (thrust bearings), optical ball-on-disc interferometry (in-situ film/onset observation), and SRV-V (pure sliding) testers across varying oscillation amplitudes and rolling/sliding conditions. Results reveal that four distinct AW additives significantly reduced wear through tribofilm generation. Performance was stroke-dependent: butylated triphenyl phosphorothionate (B-TPPT) and tris(4-methylphenyl) phosphate (TCP) exhibited superior fretting resistance, when A &lt; 1 (the value of A is the ratio of the oscillation amplitude to Hertzian contact size). High-sulfur additive (DDPE) was effective when A &lt; 1 but induced corrosion and tribofilm depletion when A &gt; 1. Crucially, this work establishes that conventional AW additives can form functional tribofilms under oscillatory conditions, despite lower energy input, thereby validating tribochemistry as a viable approach for fretting failure prevention in practical engineering systems.</p>

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Effect of Antiwear Additives on Preventing Fretting Damage in Grease Lubricated Oscillating Bearings

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月9日

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  • Yiming Han,
  • Wenwen Ma,
  • Junyang Dong,
  • Enhui Zhang,
  • Haichao Liu,
  • Weimin Li,
  • Weimin Liu

摘要

Fretting wear is a critical failure mechanism in grease-lubricated oscillating bearings, such as the pitch bearings in wind turbines, with lubrication starvation being a primary root cause. While tribochemical solutions remain underexplored, this study demonstrates the efficacy of antiwear (AW) additives in preventing fretting via tribofilm formation in oscillatory contacts. Experiments employed Falex (thrust bearings), optical ball-on-disc interferometry (in-situ film/onset observation), and SRV-V (pure sliding) testers across varying oscillation amplitudes and rolling/sliding conditions. Results reveal that four distinct AW additives significantly reduced wear through tribofilm generation. Performance was stroke-dependent: butylated triphenyl phosphorothionate (B-TPPT) and tris(4-methylphenyl) phosphate (TCP) exhibited superior fretting resistance, when A < 1 (the value of A is the ratio of the oscillation amplitude to Hertzian contact size). High-sulfur additive (DDPE) was effective when A < 1 but induced corrosion and tribofilm depletion when A > 1. Crucially, this work establishes that conventional AW additives can form functional tribofilms under oscillatory conditions, despite lower energy input, thereby validating tribochemistry as a viable approach for fretting failure prevention in practical engineering systems.