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<p>Imidazolium-based hexafluorophosphate ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted widespread interest due to their unique physicochemical properties. Accordingly, in this work, four kinds of diimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ILs with different cation structures were synthesized and characterized. Moreover, their stability (e.g., thermal stability, oxidation-reduction stability, and acid-base stability), and catalytic performance in furfural coupling were systematically explored to elucidate the correlation between their physicochemical properties and cation structures. Thermal stability results showed no weight loss within 250&#xa0;°C, and the cations in ILs with shorter R-groups or linked via an alkyl carbon chain correlated with better thermal stability. Moreover, the conventional oxidation-reduction stability of the ILs was not desirable, but they displayed promising electrochemical stability. Among them, the cations with longer R-groups or linked via the phenyl group were correlated with a wider window of electrochemical stability. Notably, they also displayed a correlation with better acid-base stability, and more resistance to alkaline environments (pH = 13) compared to acidic environments (pH = 1). Furthermore, ILs could also realize furfural coupling with a 60.48% furoin yield in an alkaline environment. Overall, the correlation between the cation structures of ILs and their physicochemical properties was revealed, and the ILs with longer R-groups or linked via the phenyl group displayed better prospects. This work may provide insights into the future design and application of ILs.</p>

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Synthesis, Characterization, and Stability of Diimidazole Hexafluorophosphates: Correlation with Cation Structure

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月17日

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  • Qilong Du,
  • Yuanguang Jiang,
  • Dandan Fu,
  • Kun Yuan,
  • Xuliang Nie,
  • Dan Hou,
  • Lu He,
  • Jing Chen,
  • Suqin Wu,
  • Wanming Xiong

摘要

Imidazolium-based hexafluorophosphate ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted widespread interest due to their unique physicochemical properties. Accordingly, in this work, four kinds of diimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ILs with different cation structures were synthesized and characterized. Moreover, their stability (e.g., thermal stability, oxidation-reduction stability, and acid-base stability), and catalytic performance in furfural coupling were systematically explored to elucidate the correlation between their physicochemical properties and cation structures. Thermal stability results showed no weight loss within 250 °C, and the cations in ILs with shorter R-groups or linked via an alkyl carbon chain correlated with better thermal stability. Moreover, the conventional oxidation-reduction stability of the ILs was not desirable, but they displayed promising electrochemical stability. Among them, the cations with longer R-groups or linked via the phenyl group were correlated with a wider window of electrochemical stability. Notably, they also displayed a correlation with better acid-base stability, and more resistance to alkaline environments (pH = 13) compared to acidic environments (pH = 1). Furthermore, ILs could also realize furfural coupling with a 60.48% furoin yield in an alkaline environment. Overall, the correlation between the cation structures of ILs and their physicochemical properties was revealed, and the ILs with longer R-groups or linked via the phenyl group displayed better prospects. This work may provide insights into the future design and application of ILs.