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<p>The developments of an eco-friendly electrochemical poly <span>l</span>-Met layered carbon paste electrode (<span>l</span>-MN/LCPE) for the analysis of diclofenac (DFN) with the appearance of dopamine (DA) using 0.2&#xa0;M phosphate buffered solution (PBS) with 7.0 pH at a 0.1&#xa0;V/s scan rate. The electrochemical behaviour of the DFN was studied using various techniques, including cyclic voltammetry (CV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to characterize the external surface structure of the bare carbon paste electrode (BCPE) and <span>l</span>-MN/LCPE. The <span>l</span>-MN/LCPE shows superior electrochemical responses and a greater surface area related to the CPE. Thees’s study explored the effect of pH, and variation of scan rate from 0.025 to 0.300&#xa0;V/s, showing an adsorption-controlled reaction. The DFN concentration varied from 20 to 250 µM (DPV) and 10 to 160 µM (CV) at the surface of <span>l</span>-MN/LCPE, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.71 µM (DPV) 2.48 µM (CV) and a lower limit of quantification (LOQ) of 5.71 µM and 8.28 µM. The modification in the electrode is responsible for enhancement in electrochemical behavior through the formation of film during the electrochemical performance, with improved current response, conductivity, electroactive sites, and superior rapid electron-proton transfer during redox reactions toward the analyte. The <span>l</span>-MN/LCPE fabricated electrode confirms the outstanding repeatability, reproducibility, selectivity, sensitivity, and stability. The work offers a promising and remarkable approach to enhancing the performance of the electrochemical sensors for DFN analysis in pharmaceutical samples containing DFN. These results indicate that the <span>l</span>-MN/LCPE offers a promising platform for monitoring pharmaceutical applications.</p>

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Electrochemical Detection and Quantification of Anti-inflammatory Drug Diclofenac with the Presence of Dopamine Using Sensitive Poly (l-Methionine) Modified Carbon Paste Sensor

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月30日

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  • B. Kanthappa,
  • J. G. Manjunatha

摘要

The developments of an eco-friendly electrochemical poly l-Met layered carbon paste electrode (l-MN/LCPE) for the analysis of diclofenac (DFN) with the appearance of dopamine (DA) using 0.2 M phosphate buffered solution (PBS) with 7.0 pH at a 0.1 V/s scan rate. The electrochemical behaviour of the DFN was studied using various techniques, including cyclic voltammetry (CV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to characterize the external surface structure of the bare carbon paste electrode (BCPE) and l-MN/LCPE. The l-MN/LCPE shows superior electrochemical responses and a greater surface area related to the CPE. Thees’s study explored the effect of pH, and variation of scan rate from 0.025 to 0.300 V/s, showing an adsorption-controlled reaction. The DFN concentration varied from 20 to 250 µM (DPV) and 10 to 160 µM (CV) at the surface of l-MN/LCPE, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.71 µM (DPV) 2.48 µM (CV) and a lower limit of quantification (LOQ) of 5.71 µM and 8.28 µM. The modification in the electrode is responsible for enhancement in electrochemical behavior through the formation of film during the electrochemical performance, with improved current response, conductivity, electroactive sites, and superior rapid electron-proton transfer during redox reactions toward the analyte. The l-MN/LCPE fabricated electrode confirms the outstanding repeatability, reproducibility, selectivity, sensitivity, and stability. The work offers a promising and remarkable approach to enhancing the performance of the electrochemical sensors for DFN analysis in pharmaceutical samples containing DFN. These results indicate that the l-MN/LCPE offers a promising platform for monitoring pharmaceutical applications.