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<p>The present study describes the eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using <i>Rumex hastatus</i> D. Don root extracts and evaluates their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in comparison with crude extracts. The characterization of synthesized nanoparticles was done by UV-visible spectroscopy, XRD, FESEM-EDX, HRTEM-SAED, FTIR, DLS and Zeta potential. Preliminary phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, proteins, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and terpenoids. Quantitative analysis revealed that the acetone extract contained higher levels of flavonoids (274.38 ± 0.045&#xa0;mg CE/g DE), phenolics (216.95 ± 0.0031&#xa0;mg GAE/g DE), and tannins (375.22 ± 0.0056&#xa0;mg CE/g DE). GC-MS analysis revealed that the acetone extract showed 55 peaks corresponding to 42 compounds, with the major constituent identified as (R)-(-)-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol and methanol extract exhibited 37 peaks representing 37 compounds, with 9,10-Anthracenedione, 1,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl- as the predominant compound. UV-Vis spectroscopy confirmed a surface plasmon resonance peak at 415&#xa0;nm and XRD analysis indicated a crystalline face-centered cubic structure with an average crystallite size of 24.77 ± 1.88&#xa0;nm. FESEM and HRTEM revealed spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 31.63 ± 2.69&#xa0;nm. FTIR analysis indicated the involvement of functional groups in reduction and capping, while SAED and EDX confirmed crystallinity and elemental silver, respectively. A negative zeta potential (–25.5 mV) indicated good colloidal stability. Biological evaluations demonstrated that AgNPs exhibited superior antimicrobial efficacy and dose-dependent antioxidant potential, compared to the crude extracts. These findings highlight the promise of <i>R. hastatus</i> root-derived AgNPs as a biologically active nanomaterial for potential biomedical and therapeutic applications.</p>

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Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Rumex hastatus root extract: characterization and biological activities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月2日

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  • Priyanka Sharma,
  • Shikha Dhiman,
  • Jyoti Rana,
  • Amit Kumar Sehgal

摘要

The present study describes the eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Rumex hastatus D. Don root extracts and evaluates their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in comparison with crude extracts. The characterization of synthesized nanoparticles was done by UV-visible spectroscopy, XRD, FESEM-EDX, HRTEM-SAED, FTIR, DLS and Zeta potential. Preliminary phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, proteins, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and terpenoids. Quantitative analysis revealed that the acetone extract contained higher levels of flavonoids (274.38 ± 0.045 mg CE/g DE), phenolics (216.95 ± 0.0031 mg GAE/g DE), and tannins (375.22 ± 0.0056 mg CE/g DE). GC-MS analysis revealed that the acetone extract showed 55 peaks corresponding to 42 compounds, with the major constituent identified as (R)-(-)-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol and methanol extract exhibited 37 peaks representing 37 compounds, with 9,10-Anthracenedione, 1,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl- as the predominant compound. UV-Vis spectroscopy confirmed a surface plasmon resonance peak at 415 nm and XRD analysis indicated a crystalline face-centered cubic structure with an average crystallite size of 24.77 ± 1.88 nm. FESEM and HRTEM revealed spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 31.63 ± 2.69 nm. FTIR analysis indicated the involvement of functional groups in reduction and capping, while SAED and EDX confirmed crystallinity and elemental silver, respectively. A negative zeta potential (–25.5 mV) indicated good colloidal stability. Biological evaluations demonstrated that AgNPs exhibited superior antimicrobial efficacy and dose-dependent antioxidant potential, compared to the crude extracts. These findings highlight the promise of R. hastatus root-derived AgNPs as a biologically active nanomaterial for potential biomedical and therapeutic applications.