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<p>This study investigates the kinetics of molybdenum (Mo) extraction from spent catalysts using citric acid as a leaching agent, emphasizing its efficiency under varied process conditions. The influence of solid-to-liquid (S/L) ratio, pH, and temperature was systematically examined, revealing that the highest Mo recovery was achieved at an optimal S/L ratio of 4&#xa0;g/100&#xa0;mL, pH of 1.5, and temperature of 90&#xa0;°C, with a maximum Mo recovery of 88.37%. Kinetic modeling using a modified shrinking core model (SCM) indicated a transition from a surface-controlled reaction to a diffusion-limited phase, with activation energies of 9.128&#xa0;kJ/mol for the surface reaction and 44.4017&#xa0;kJ/mol for diffusion through the ash layer. The findings underscore the viability of citric acid as an environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional inorganic acids, enhancing molybdenum recovery while minimizing hazardous waste. Further investigations into auxiliary reagents and advanced modeling techniques are recommended to optimize hydrometallurgical processing for spent catalyst recycling.</p>

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Kinetic study of molybdenum extraction from spent catalysts using citric acid

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月13日

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  • Amelia Sri Rezki,
  • Widi Astuti,
  • I Made Bendiyasa,
  • Kevin Cleary Wanta,
  • Gyan Prameswara,
  • Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus

摘要

This study investigates the kinetics of molybdenum (Mo) extraction from spent catalysts using citric acid as a leaching agent, emphasizing its efficiency under varied process conditions. The influence of solid-to-liquid (S/L) ratio, pH, and temperature was systematically examined, revealing that the highest Mo recovery was achieved at an optimal S/L ratio of 4 g/100 mL, pH of 1.5, and temperature of 90 °C, with a maximum Mo recovery of 88.37%. Kinetic modeling using a modified shrinking core model (SCM) indicated a transition from a surface-controlled reaction to a diffusion-limited phase, with activation energies of 9.128 kJ/mol for the surface reaction and 44.4017 kJ/mol for diffusion through the ash layer. The findings underscore the viability of citric acid as an environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional inorganic acids, enhancing molybdenum recovery while minimizing hazardous waste. Further investigations into auxiliary reagents and advanced modeling techniques are recommended to optimize hydrometallurgical processing for spent catalyst recycling.