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<p>Tetracycline (TC) is a widely used antibiotic known for its significant antibacterial effects. However, its insufficient metabolism in living organisms and the accumulation of its residues have caused serious impacts on water sources and ecosystems. Photocatalytic technology, favored for its environmentally friendly, efficient, and non-polluting properties, has been applied to degrade TC. In this study, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (T6 and T32) were synthesized using titanium-oxo-clusters (Ti<sub>6</sub>O<sub>6</sub> and Ti<sub>32</sub>O<sub>16</sub>) as the titanium source via a simple solvothermal method. Visible light degradation experiments revealed that the degradation rates of TC exceeded 92%, significantly outperforming commercial P25 (70%) and pure anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> (68%). Characterization by BET and XRD showed that the synthesized materials exhibited high specific surface areas (T6: 218 m<sup>2</sup>/g, T32: 207 m<sup>2</sup>/g) and good crystallinity. The surface complexes formed between the materials and TC enhanced the materials’ responsiveness to visible light (by broadening the absorption edge to 420&#xa0;nm), playing a key role in the degradation process. Free radical trapping experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) results indicated that ·O₂⁻, <sup>1</sup>O₂, and h⁺ were the primary reactive species involved in the degradation mechanism. Based on these findings, we propose a plausible degradation mechanism for the material. This study demonstrates that using titanium-oxo-clusters as a novel titanium source for TiO<sub>2</sub> synthesis can achieve highly efficient degradation of TC under visible light, offering innovative prospects for the development of future photocatalytic materials.</p>

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Synthesis of high photocatalytic TiO2 by titanium-oxo-cluster for degradation of tetracycline in water

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月7日

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  • Wenhui Ni,
  • Qiaoyu Zhang,
  • Fumin Peng,
  • Sijia Li,
  • Xu Huang,
  • Xumei Li,
  • Jian Huang,
  • Hua Zhang,
  • Tao Luo

摘要

Tetracycline (TC) is a widely used antibiotic known for its significant antibacterial effects. However, its insufficient metabolism in living organisms and the accumulation of its residues have caused serious impacts on water sources and ecosystems. Photocatalytic technology, favored for its environmentally friendly, efficient, and non-polluting properties, has been applied to degrade TC. In this study, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (T6 and T32) were synthesized using titanium-oxo-clusters (Ti6O6 and Ti32O16) as the titanium source via a simple solvothermal method. Visible light degradation experiments revealed that the degradation rates of TC exceeded 92%, significantly outperforming commercial P25 (70%) and pure anatase TiO2 (68%). Characterization by BET and XRD showed that the synthesized materials exhibited high specific surface areas (T6: 218 m2/g, T32: 207 m2/g) and good crystallinity. The surface complexes formed between the materials and TC enhanced the materials’ responsiveness to visible light (by broadening the absorption edge to 420 nm), playing a key role in the degradation process. Free radical trapping experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) results indicated that ·O₂⁻, 1O₂, and h⁺ were the primary reactive species involved in the degradation mechanism. Based on these findings, we propose a plausible degradation mechanism for the material. This study demonstrates that using titanium-oxo-clusters as a novel titanium source for TiO2 synthesis can achieve highly efficient degradation of TC under visible light, offering innovative prospects for the development of future photocatalytic materials.