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<p>Climate change is intensifying water scarcity in major strawberry-growing regions, making the development of drought-tolerant cultivars a breeding priority, and rapid early screening of segregating progeny is therefore valuable. This study evaluated the response of F1 strawberry (<i>Fragaria × ananassa</i> Duch.) hybrid populations developed through controlled hybridization to PEG-induced osmotic stress under in vitro conditions. Nine F1 hybrid combinations were obtained using ‘Osmanlı’, ‘Kara’, ‘Tüylü’, ‘Albion’, ‘San Andreas’, ‘Brilliance’, and ‘Ananas’ as female parents, and ‘Albion’, ‘E22’, ‘San Andreas’, and ‘Tüylü’ as pollen donors. Osmotic stress was simulated by supplementing Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium with 2% (w/v) polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000), selected from a preliminary dose–response experiment (0.5–3% PEG). Tolerance was assessed using visual drought symptom scoring (0–5 scale), leaf temperature, leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD), total leaf area per plant, and antioxidant enzyme activities (polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase). Two-way analysis of variance revealed significant effects of genotype (p &lt; 0.01) and the genotype × treatment interaction (p &lt; 0.01) on all parameters; the main effect of PEG treatment was significant for leaf temperature and chlorophyll content (p &lt; 0.001) but not for total leaf area (p = 0.101). An integrated multi-trait assessment identified a group of promising combinations rather than a single one: 10 × 17 (Osmanlı × Albion) showed the best drought symptom score and the lowest leaf temperature, 22 × 17 (Ananas × Albion) maintained the highest chlorophyll content, and 26 × 17 (Kara × Albion) combined the highest in vitro germination with balanced performance and a drought-tolerant parental background. The 26 × 12 (Kara × E22) combination retained the largest leaf area, whereas 18 × 17 (San Andreas × Albion) was the most susceptible across multiple indicators. Peroxidase activity was broadly upregulated in PEG-treated plants, whereas polyphenol oxidase responses were genotype-specific. These results indicate that in vitro PEG screening is a useful first-stage tool for ranking osmotic-stress responses among strawberry hybrids; field validation is required to confirm true drought tolerance. We hypothesized that F1 combinations involving drought-tolerant parents would show more favourable osmotic-stress responses, and the results partially support this expectation.</p>

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In vitro screening of F1 strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) hybrid populations for tolerance to PEG-induced osmotic stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Tuğçe Alan,
  • Azam Akbari,
  • Nesibe Ebru Kafkas

摘要

Climate change is intensifying water scarcity in major strawberry-growing regions, making the development of drought-tolerant cultivars a breeding priority, and rapid early screening of segregating progeny is therefore valuable. This study evaluated the response of F1 strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) hybrid populations developed through controlled hybridization to PEG-induced osmotic stress under in vitro conditions. Nine F1 hybrid combinations were obtained using ‘Osmanlı’, ‘Kara’, ‘Tüylü’, ‘Albion’, ‘San Andreas’, ‘Brilliance’, and ‘Ananas’ as female parents, and ‘Albion’, ‘E22’, ‘San Andreas’, and ‘Tüylü’ as pollen donors. Osmotic stress was simulated by supplementing Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium with 2% (w/v) polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000), selected from a preliminary dose–response experiment (0.5–3% PEG). Tolerance was assessed using visual drought symptom scoring (0–5 scale), leaf temperature, leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD), total leaf area per plant, and antioxidant enzyme activities (polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase). Two-way analysis of variance revealed significant effects of genotype (p < 0.01) and the genotype × treatment interaction (p < 0.01) on all parameters; the main effect of PEG treatment was significant for leaf temperature and chlorophyll content (p < 0.001) but not for total leaf area (p = 0.101). An integrated multi-trait assessment identified a group of promising combinations rather than a single one: 10 × 17 (Osmanlı × Albion) showed the best drought symptom score and the lowest leaf temperature, 22 × 17 (Ananas × Albion) maintained the highest chlorophyll content, and 26 × 17 (Kara × Albion) combined the highest in vitro germination with balanced performance and a drought-tolerant parental background. The 26 × 12 (Kara × E22) combination retained the largest leaf area, whereas 18 × 17 (San Andreas × Albion) was the most susceptible across multiple indicators. Peroxidase activity was broadly upregulated in PEG-treated plants, whereas polyphenol oxidase responses were genotype-specific. These results indicate that in vitro PEG screening is a useful first-stage tool for ranking osmotic-stress responses among strawberry hybrids; field validation is required to confirm true drought tolerance. We hypothesized that F1 combinations involving drought-tolerant parents would show more favourable osmotic-stress responses, and the results partially support this expectation.