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<p>Secondary metabolite production in medicinal plants in response to biotic and abiotic stresses has attracted significant research interest. The present study reports the effects of chitosan on callus cultures of <i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L. var. <i>purpurascens</i> (purple basil), with the aim to improve biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity. Biomass, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activities (ABTS and FRAP assays and phenolic compounds were evaluated at different concentrations (0.5, 2.5, 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100&#xa0;mg/L) of chitosan. Optimum biomass accumulation (fresh weight: 289.71&#xa0;g/L; dry weight: 20.71&#xa0;g/L) was recorded at 10&#xa0;mg/L chitosan, representing 1.53- and 1.66-fold increase over the control, respectively. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents also peaked at CH10 (24.31&#xa0;mg GAE/g DW and 17.16&#xa0;mg QE/g DW), corresponding to 1.6- and 1.8-fold enhancements compared with the control. Antioxidant activities were highest at CH10, as indicated by DPPH scavenging (92%), ABTS (547.46 µM TEAC), FRAP (453.91 µM TEAC), and cellular ROS/RNS inhibition (62.8%). HPLC analysis indicated that rosmarinic acid (17.21&#xa0;mg/g DW), chicoric acid (2.41&#xa0;mg/g DW), cyanidin (3.05&#xa0;mg/g DW), and peonidin (1.77&#xa0;mg/g DW) were higher in samples with Chitosan treatment. Enhanced biomass accumulation, metabolite biosynthesis and antioxidant activity demonstrate the effectiveness of chitosan as a potent elicitor in basil culture and offers a sustainable platform for large-scale production of valuable phytochemical.</p>

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Chitosan-mediated elicitation enhanced production of secondary metabolites and antioxidant assays in callus culture of Ocimum bacilicum L. (Purple Basil)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月17日

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  • Gouhar Zaman,
  • Samah Saleh Al-Shybany,
  • Muhammad Naeem Bajwa,
  • Muhammad Salman Khan,
  • Muhammad Nadeem,
  • Muhammad Zia,
  • Christophe Hano,
  • Bilal Haider Abbasi

摘要

Secondary metabolite production in medicinal plants in response to biotic and abiotic stresses has attracted significant research interest. The present study reports the effects of chitosan on callus cultures of Ocimum basilicum L. var. purpurascens (purple basil), with the aim to improve biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity. Biomass, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activities (ABTS and FRAP assays and phenolic compounds were evaluated at different concentrations (0.5, 2.5, 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/L) of chitosan. Optimum biomass accumulation (fresh weight: 289.71 g/L; dry weight: 20.71 g/L) was recorded at 10 mg/L chitosan, representing 1.53- and 1.66-fold increase over the control, respectively. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents also peaked at CH10 (24.31 mg GAE/g DW and 17.16 mg QE/g DW), corresponding to 1.6- and 1.8-fold enhancements compared with the control. Antioxidant activities were highest at CH10, as indicated by DPPH scavenging (92%), ABTS (547.46 µM TEAC), FRAP (453.91 µM TEAC), and cellular ROS/RNS inhibition (62.8%). HPLC analysis indicated that rosmarinic acid (17.21 mg/g DW), chicoric acid (2.41 mg/g DW), cyanidin (3.05 mg/g DW), and peonidin (1.77 mg/g DW) were higher in samples with Chitosan treatment. Enhanced biomass accumulation, metabolite biosynthesis and antioxidant activity demonstrate the effectiveness of chitosan as a potent elicitor in basil culture and offers a sustainable platform for large-scale production of valuable phytochemical.