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<p>Rice blast disease causes 10–30% annual yield losses globally, necessitating the rapid development of resistant cultivars with maintained agronomic performance. In this study, EMS-induced callus mutagenesis integrated with hyperspectral phenotyping and molecular marker screening to rapidly generate blast-resistant variants from the susceptible BRRI dhan28. Optimized mutagenesis (0.5 mM EMS) produced S₃ putative somaclones exhibiting substantial genetic diversity. Screening against virulent <i>Pyricularia oryzae</i> isolates identified four moderately resistant lines that achieved 68–72% yield increases (16.81–17.27 g hill<sup>−</sup> <sup>1</sup>) compared to the susceptible parent (10.03 g hill<sup>−</sup> <sup>1</sup>). Molecular profiling detected multi-allele resistance carriers, including line EMS 0.5–3 harboring <i>Pib, Pik-p,</i> and <i>Piz-t</i> genes, while novel hyperspectral-PCA protocols enabled objective, non-destructive disease quantification, resolving a major phenotyping bottleneck in mutation breeding. Overall, this work presents the first integration of in vitro chemical mutagenesis with precision phenomics for rice blast resistance, providing deployable germplasm, validated high-throughput screening pipelines, and a scalable framework for accelerated crop improvement under climate-resilient agriculture.</p>

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In vitro mutagenesis for the identification of blast-resistant rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月29日

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  • S. M. Abdullah Al Mamun,
  • Md. Rezve,
  • Mohammad Ashik Iqbal Khan,
  • Md. Sarwar Jahan,
  • Mst. Sabiha Sultana,
  • Rahima Nusrat Remme,
  • Sanjoy Kumar Adhikary,
  • Md. Monirul Islam

摘要

Rice blast disease causes 10–30% annual yield losses globally, necessitating the rapid development of resistant cultivars with maintained agronomic performance. In this study, EMS-induced callus mutagenesis integrated with hyperspectral phenotyping and molecular marker screening to rapidly generate blast-resistant variants from the susceptible BRRI dhan28. Optimized mutagenesis (0.5 mM EMS) produced S₃ putative somaclones exhibiting substantial genetic diversity. Screening against virulent Pyricularia oryzae isolates identified four moderately resistant lines that achieved 68–72% yield increases (16.81–17.27 g hill− 1) compared to the susceptible parent (10.03 g hill− 1). Molecular profiling detected multi-allele resistance carriers, including line EMS 0.5–3 harboring Pib, Pik-p, and Piz-t genes, while novel hyperspectral-PCA protocols enabled objective, non-destructive disease quantification, resolving a major phenotyping bottleneck in mutation breeding. Overall, this work presents the first integration of in vitro chemical mutagenesis with precision phenomics for rice blast resistance, providing deployable germplasm, validated high-throughput screening pipelines, and a scalable framework for accelerated crop improvement under climate-resilient agriculture.