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<p>Mango (<i>Mangifera indica</i> L.) is one of the most significant fruit species of high ecological and economic value. Conventional propagation methods in mango face several difficulties, and research on the in vitro culture remains relatively weak. Therefore, establishing an efficient in vitro callus regeneration system is of great importance. Using explants from “Awes” mango cultivar, different antioxidant treatments were applied [control, 100&#xa0;mg/L citric acid (CA) + 150&#xa0;mg/L ascorbic acid (AA), 3&#xa0;g/L activated charcoal (AC), 100&#xa0;mg/L AA + 3&#xa0;g/L polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)]. The most effective treatment for browning elimination in both explant types (leaves: 0%, ovules: 10%), was 100&#xa0;mg/L AA + 3&#xa0;g/L PVP. However, AC proved equally efficient for leaf explants. For callus induction, different combinations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (2.26–6.79 µM) and kinetin (4.65–11.62 µM) were tested. The optimal combination for callus induction from leaves (72.9%) and ovules (93.2%) was 6.79 µM 2,4-D + 4.65 µM kinetin. Among the different incubation temperatures tested (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35&#xa0;°C), results indicated that fresh weight (FW), growth index (GI), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), and free radical scavenging activity (DPPH) of leaf-derived calli were higher at 30&#xa0;°C (friable, cream). The optimal temperatures for enhanced FW, GI, TFC and DPPH in ovule-derived calli (friable, cream to cream brown) were 25&#xa0;°C and 30&#xa0;°C, while the highest TPC was observed at 25&#xa0;°C. The texture of ovule-derived calli was friable at all temperatures, whereas leaf-derived calli were friable at 25&#xa0;°C and 30&#xa0;°C, but compact at 15&#xa0;°C, 20&#xa0;°C and 35&#xa0;°C. The color of leaf- and ovule-derived calli was brown at 15&#xa0;°C and white at 35&#xa0;°C, with variations between 20&#xa0;°C and 30&#xa0;°C depending on explant type. Overall, ovule-derived callus cultures of mango incubated at 25&#xa0;°C and 30&#xa0;°C represent the most promising abiotic elicitation strategy for growth and SMs accumulation. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the use of incubation temperature as an abiotic elicitation strategy to enhance biomass growth and bioactive compounds production in in vitro mango callus cultures.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Antioxidants, optimized growth regulators and temperature elicitation enhance biomass growth and bioactive compound production in Mangifera indica L. (cv. Awes) callus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月29日

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  • Huda Enaya Mahood,
  • Virginia Sarropoulou,
  • Thalia Tsapraili,
  • Thiresia-Teresa Tzatzani

摘要

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is one of the most significant fruit species of high ecological and economic value. Conventional propagation methods in mango face several difficulties, and research on the in vitro culture remains relatively weak. Therefore, establishing an efficient in vitro callus regeneration system is of great importance. Using explants from “Awes” mango cultivar, different antioxidant treatments were applied [control, 100 mg/L citric acid (CA) + 150 mg/L ascorbic acid (AA), 3 g/L activated charcoal (AC), 100 mg/L AA + 3 g/L polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)]. The most effective treatment for browning elimination in both explant types (leaves: 0%, ovules: 10%), was 100 mg/L AA + 3 g/L PVP. However, AC proved equally efficient for leaf explants. For callus induction, different combinations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (2.26–6.79 µM) and kinetin (4.65–11.62 µM) were tested. The optimal combination for callus induction from leaves (72.9%) and ovules (93.2%) was 6.79 µM 2,4-D + 4.65 µM kinetin. Among the different incubation temperatures tested (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C), results indicated that fresh weight (FW), growth index (GI), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), and free radical scavenging activity (DPPH) of leaf-derived calli were higher at 30 °C (friable, cream). The optimal temperatures for enhanced FW, GI, TFC and DPPH in ovule-derived calli (friable, cream to cream brown) were 25 °C and 30 °C, while the highest TPC was observed at 25 °C. The texture of ovule-derived calli was friable at all temperatures, whereas leaf-derived calli were friable at 25 °C and 30 °C, but compact at 15 °C, 20 °C and 35 °C. The color of leaf- and ovule-derived calli was brown at 15 °C and white at 35 °C, with variations between 20 °C and 30 °C depending on explant type. Overall, ovule-derived callus cultures of mango incubated at 25 °C and 30 °C represent the most promising abiotic elicitation strategy for growth and SMs accumulation. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the use of incubation temperature as an abiotic elicitation strategy to enhance biomass growth and bioactive compounds production in in vitro mango callus cultures.

Graphical abstract