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<p><i>Hylocereus costaricensis</i> commonly known as ‘Dragon fruit’ produces scarlet fruits with super red flesh and is considered an economic fruit crop with potential for commercialisation. Natural seed germination is slow and inconsistent due to the hard and impermeable seed coat which causes low germination and genetic variation. Tissue culture offers a controlled and sterile environment for the germination and propagation, minimizing contamination risks associated with traditional soil-based methods. Parameters such as support matrix, medium strength and light were investigated for seed germination, seedling development and fresh and dry mass. Light was further explored to find effects on photosynthetic pigment concentration, and biochemical content in the in vitro grown seedlings. Reducing the strength of the medium to half-strength MS medium promoted early germination. Maximum seed germination, fastest germination rate and significantly higher seedling biomass were achieved when 5&#xa0;g/L agarose was used as the support matrix. The germination rate after 30 days was observed to be significantly higher in seedlings growing under red (R) light, however, qualitatively the seedlings were observed to grow better under white light. Pigment analysis showed varied but significant results. Chlorophyll and carotenoids were observed to be higher in seedlings under R, however, total porphyrin was found to be higher under white (C) light. Biochemical analysis revealed that highest carbohydrate content was observed in seedlings growing under C whereas, proline was highest under R. This suggests the need for further studies on the physiological and biochemical pathways affected by light quality to better understand its role in early seedling development.</p>

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Understanding the germination biology of Hylocereus costaricensis using tissue culture: effects of light, media strength, and support matrix

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月5日

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  • Winson Wei Sheng Koe,
  • Ankita Rajendra Parab,
  • Bee Lynn Chew,
  • Kathiresan Sathasivam,
  • Sreeramanan Subramaniam

摘要

Hylocereus costaricensis commonly known as ‘Dragon fruit’ produces scarlet fruits with super red flesh and is considered an economic fruit crop with potential for commercialisation. Natural seed germination is slow and inconsistent due to the hard and impermeable seed coat which causes low germination and genetic variation. Tissue culture offers a controlled and sterile environment for the germination and propagation, minimizing contamination risks associated with traditional soil-based methods. Parameters such as support matrix, medium strength and light were investigated for seed germination, seedling development and fresh and dry mass. Light was further explored to find effects on photosynthetic pigment concentration, and biochemical content in the in vitro grown seedlings. Reducing the strength of the medium to half-strength MS medium promoted early germination. Maximum seed germination, fastest germination rate and significantly higher seedling biomass were achieved when 5 g/L agarose was used as the support matrix. The germination rate after 30 days was observed to be significantly higher in seedlings growing under red (R) light, however, qualitatively the seedlings were observed to grow better under white light. Pigment analysis showed varied but significant results. Chlorophyll and carotenoids were observed to be higher in seedlings under R, however, total porphyrin was found to be higher under white (C) light. Biochemical analysis revealed that highest carbohydrate content was observed in seedlings growing under C whereas, proline was highest under R. This suggests the need for further studies on the physiological and biochemical pathways affected by light quality to better understand its role in early seedling development.