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<p>Elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration has been proposed as a positive modulator of plant growth and development, with potential to mitigate the adverse effects of abiotic stresses. This study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of elevated CO₂ and salinity on growth, photosynthesis, and leaf anatomical structure in micropropagated <i>Ananas comosus</i> plants cultivated in vitro. The experiment followed a completely randomized design under a 2 × 2 factorial scheme (0- and 120-mM sodium chloride × 420 ± 30 and 800 ± 30 µmol CO₂ mol<sup>−1</sup>), with ten replicates per treatment. Under saline conditions, elevated CO₂ increased net photosynthetic rate by approximately 350%, intrinsic water-use efficiency by 186%, and plant dry mass by 47% compared to plants cultivated under ambient CO₂. Additionally, elevated CO₂ partially reduced the negative effects of salinity on growth and stomatal function. However, salinity markedly reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations, and elevated CO₂ did not restore them. These findings suggest that elevated CO₂ concentration can partially alleviate salt stress in <i>A. comosus</i> plants grown in vitro, mainly by improving photosynthetic performance, water-use efficiency, and biomass accumulation.</p>

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Combined effects of elevated CO₂ and salinity on photosynthesis, growth, and leaf anatomy of Ananas comosus grown in vitro

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月11日

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  • Vitória Karla de Oliveira Silva-Moraes,
  • Sérgio Heitor Sousa Felipe,
  • Givago Lopes Alves,
  • Irislene Cutrim Albuquerque,
  • Jordanya Ferreira Pinheiro,
  • Marion Nayon Braga Soares,
  • Fábio Afonso Mazzei Moura de Assis Figueiredo,
  • Fabrício de Oliveira Reis,
  • Tiago Massi Ferraz,
  • Thais Roseli Corrêa

摘要

Elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration has been proposed as a positive modulator of plant growth and development, with potential to mitigate the adverse effects of abiotic stresses. This study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of elevated CO₂ and salinity on growth, photosynthesis, and leaf anatomical structure in micropropagated Ananas comosus plants cultivated in vitro. The experiment followed a completely randomized design under a 2 × 2 factorial scheme (0- and 120-mM sodium chloride × 420 ± 30 and 800 ± 30 µmol CO₂ mol−1), with ten replicates per treatment. Under saline conditions, elevated CO₂ increased net photosynthetic rate by approximately 350%, intrinsic water-use efficiency by 186%, and plant dry mass by 47% compared to plants cultivated under ambient CO₂. Additionally, elevated CO₂ partially reduced the negative effects of salinity on growth and stomatal function. However, salinity markedly reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations, and elevated CO₂ did not restore them. These findings suggest that elevated CO₂ concentration can partially alleviate salt stress in A. comosus plants grown in vitro, mainly by improving photosynthetic performance, water-use efficiency, and biomass accumulation.