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<p>This study investigates the impact of various elicitors on optimizing shoot growth and production of secondary metabolites in the “Himalayan Toothache Relieving Tree” (<i>Zanthoxylum armatum</i> DC.) using in vitro shoot cultures. Five elicitors—Proline (50, 100, and 200&#xa0;mg/L), Salicylic acid (50, 100, and 200&#xa0;mg/L), NaCl (50, 100, and 200&#xa0;mg/L), sucrose (0, 20, 40, and 60&#xa0;g/L), and pH levels (4.0 and 8.0) were tested on nodal segments. The MS medium fortified with 40&#xa0;g/L sucrose yielded the best results, achieving the highest average shoot length (6.91 ± 0.50&#xa0;cm) and leaf number (14.56 ± 1.69) in 6.85 ± 0.58 days. Conversely, the least growth was observed with 100&#xa0;mg/L salicylic acid. In vitro plant materials were analyzed for total phenolics, flavonoids, tannin content, and antioxidant activity using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl Assay, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power, and Metal Chelating Assays. Additionally, Gas Chromatography -Mass Spectroscopy and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography analyses revealed that elicitor treatments significantly enhanced the accumulation of secondary metabolites and led to the synthesis of novel phytochemicals which were not identified in wild methanolic extract of <i>Z. armatum</i><i>,</i> such as 2-(1-Hydroxy-1-Methyl-Ethyl)-2,3-Dihydro- Furo [3,2-G] Chromen-7-One, 1-Octadecene, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z), Gamma-sitosterol and many more compounds. Notably, elicited in vitro microshoots exhibited increased levels of compounds like Tetratetracontane by two-fold in P1, Phytol by one-fold in S1, Fargesin by five fold in S2, and (+)-Sesamin by four fold approximately in SU treated microshoots as compared to control. Present findings suggest that elicitation is a viable method to boost the production of valuable secondary metabolites in <i>Z. armatum</i>, potentially benefiting other medicinal plants as well.</p>

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Elicitation of the secondary metabolites in in vitro shoot cultures of Zanthoxylum armatum DC.

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月17日

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  • Saumya Agnihotri,
  • Preeti Dobhal,
  • Sumit Mishra,
  • Inder Singh Rautela,
  • Divya Agnihotri,
  • Sushma Tamta

摘要

This study investigates the impact of various elicitors on optimizing shoot growth and production of secondary metabolites in the “Himalayan Toothache Relieving Tree” (Zanthoxylum armatum DC.) using in vitro shoot cultures. Five elicitors—Proline (50, 100, and 200 mg/L), Salicylic acid (50, 100, and 200 mg/L), NaCl (50, 100, and 200 mg/L), sucrose (0, 20, 40, and 60 g/L), and pH levels (4.0 and 8.0) were tested on nodal segments. The MS medium fortified with 40 g/L sucrose yielded the best results, achieving the highest average shoot length (6.91 ± 0.50 cm) and leaf number (14.56 ± 1.69) in 6.85 ± 0.58 days. Conversely, the least growth was observed with 100 mg/L salicylic acid. In vitro plant materials were analyzed for total phenolics, flavonoids, tannin content, and antioxidant activity using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl Assay, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power, and Metal Chelating Assays. Additionally, Gas Chromatography -Mass Spectroscopy and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography analyses revealed that elicitor treatments significantly enhanced the accumulation of secondary metabolites and led to the synthesis of novel phytochemicals which were not identified in wild methanolic extract of Z. armatum, such as 2-(1-Hydroxy-1-Methyl-Ethyl)-2,3-Dihydro- Furo [3,2-G] Chromen-7-One, 1-Octadecene, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z), Gamma-sitosterol and many more compounds. Notably, elicited in vitro microshoots exhibited increased levels of compounds like Tetratetracontane by two-fold in P1, Phytol by one-fold in S1, Fargesin by five fold in S2, and (+)-Sesamin by four fold approximately in SU treated microshoots as compared to control. Present findings suggest that elicitation is a viable method to boost the production of valuable secondary metabolites in Z. armatum, potentially benefiting other medicinal plants as well.