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<p>Genetic modifications of <i>FLOWERING LOCUS T</i> (<i>FT</i>) genes offer promising new strategies for developing breeding materials to accelerate woody plant breeding cycles. Existing research gaps related to the effectiveness, application potential and challenges of various <i>FT</i> genetic modification strategies should be systematically evaluated. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential and challenges associated with the use of <i>FT</i> genes as tools for accelerated breeding in woody plants. A systematic literature review was conducted by sourcing data from the Web of Science database, where 650 potential papers were initially identified. Following rigorous screening based on established inclusion and exclusion criteria, 40 relevant studies were selected, with an additional six studies identified through manual searches, resulting in a final synthesis of 46 articles. Among these studies, the constitutive expression of <i>FT</i> genes is the most widely utilized strategy, followed by heat-inducible, phloem-specific, fusion protein expression and virus-mediated transient expression systems. While strong expression of <i>FT</i> genes in constitutive systems shows great promise for accelerating flowering in various woody plant species, it often disrupts the balance between vegetative and reproductive growth, resulting in developmental abnormalities or even mortality in transgenic plants. Alternative expression systems have been evaluated, demonstrating their ability to promote early flowering while maintaining stable vegetative growth. However, challenges related to efficiency, precision and operational feasibility persist across all of these strategies. This systematic review could assist in the strategic selection of <i>FT</i> gene tools for developing accelerated breeding materials in woody plants.</p>

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A systematic review of FLOWERING LOCUS T genes as an accelerated breeding tool in woody plants: potentials and challenges

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月24日

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  • Yawen Chen,
  • Xiaofang Wang,
  • Shuyong Zhang,
  • Chong Wu,
  • Xiaojuan Zong

摘要

Genetic modifications of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) genes offer promising new strategies for developing breeding materials to accelerate woody plant breeding cycles. Existing research gaps related to the effectiveness, application potential and challenges of various FT genetic modification strategies should be systematically evaluated. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential and challenges associated with the use of FT genes as tools for accelerated breeding in woody plants. A systematic literature review was conducted by sourcing data from the Web of Science database, where 650 potential papers were initially identified. Following rigorous screening based on established inclusion and exclusion criteria, 40 relevant studies were selected, with an additional six studies identified through manual searches, resulting in a final synthesis of 46 articles. Among these studies, the constitutive expression of FT genes is the most widely utilized strategy, followed by heat-inducible, phloem-specific, fusion protein expression and virus-mediated transient expression systems. While strong expression of FT genes in constitutive systems shows great promise for accelerating flowering in various woody plant species, it often disrupts the balance between vegetative and reproductive growth, resulting in developmental abnormalities or even mortality in transgenic plants. Alternative expression systems have been evaluated, demonstrating their ability to promote early flowering while maintaining stable vegetative growth. However, challenges related to efficiency, precision and operational feasibility persist across all of these strategies. This systematic review could assist in the strategic selection of FT gene tools for developing accelerated breeding materials in woody plants.