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<p>A promising development in the philosophy of causation analyzes actual causation using structural equation models, i.e., “causal models”. This paper carefully considers what it means for an interpreted model to be accurate of its target situation. These considerations show, first, that our existing understanding of accuracy is inadequate. Further, and more controversially, they show that any causal model analysis is committed to a kind of <i>relativism</i>—a view whereby causation is a three-part relation holding between a cause, an effect, and something else. In particular, insofar as a causal model analysis construes causation mind-and-language independently, it must treat causation as relative to a specification of background possibilities—i.e., a ‘modal profile.’ Or, so I argue.</p>

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Causal models and causal relativism

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月24日

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  • Jennifer McDonald

摘要

A promising development in the philosophy of causation analyzes actual causation using structural equation models, i.e., “causal models”. This paper carefully considers what it means for an interpreted model to be accurate of its target situation. These considerations show, first, that our existing understanding of accuracy is inadequate. Further, and more controversially, they show that any causal model analysis is committed to a kind of relativism—a view whereby causation is a three-part relation holding between a cause, an effect, and something else. In particular, insofar as a causal model analysis construes causation mind-and-language independently, it must treat causation as relative to a specification of background possibilities—i.e., a ‘modal profile.’ Or, so I argue.