<p>Editable blockchain is essential for government data sharing, but existing solutions have limitations in privacy protection and secure editing control. To address these issues, this paper proposes an editable blockchain model that ensures both privacy protection for editing rights and secure control. This model is applied to the editing of on-chain government data catalogs and data sharing based on editable catalogs. First, the model introduces a double-trapdoor Chameleon hash function, replacing the traditional single-trapdoor Chameleon hash and its key sharding scheme, in order to improve the security and efficiency of editing. Second, the model utilizes an ID-based multi-authority attribute encryption algorithm to perform fine-grained authorization of the temporary trapdoor of Chameleon hash, and improves the multi-authority attribute encryption algorithm with Cuckoo filter and hidden access trees to meet the complex organizational structure of governments and enhance privacy protection for blockchain editing permissions. Furthermore, the model introduces a cryptographic accumulator to effectively manage blockchain editing permissions and uses zero-knowledge proof to ensure the privacy verification of the cryptographic accumulator, achieving secure and controllable editing permissions. Finally, experimental and comparative analysis of the proposed scheme demonstrates that it outperforms existing methods in terms of editing efficiency, privacy protection, and security control.</p>