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<p>Methodological features of determining the strength characteristics of low- and medium-carbon steels based on hardness measurements are considered. The results presented reflect the practice of controlling the mechanical properties of structural materials for nuclear power plant equipment and serve as a basis for improving non-destructive methods for determining mechanical characteristics in the nuclear industry of Ukraine. The research methodology was based on comparing experimentally determined strength characteristics <i>R</i><sub><i>m</i></sub> and <i>R</i><sub><i>p</i>0.2</sub> obtained from tensile tests with calculated values derived from hardness measurements using the correlation dependencies specified in the standards DSTU EN ISO 18265 and SOU-N NAEK 133:2023. The study covered steel specimens in various technological states (sheet, bar, pipe) and sheet metal with different carbon contents. The key results showed that the assessment according to DSTU EN ISO 18265 provides better consistency with actual data (error ≤6%) for homogeneous materials. However, it was found that correlation accuracy is significantly reduced (errors of 13–23%) for products with a gradient in properties (seamless pipes) and materials with high hardness (≥140 HBW), especially when using SOU-N NAEK 133:2023 dependencies to estimate yield strength. To improve reliability, a combined approach was proposed and tested, which combines hardness measurements and chemical analysis results in a multivariate multiple regression model. This approach has demonstrated a significant improvement in the accuracy of R<sub>m</sub> prediction (error ≈0.02–0.07%) compared to classical one-dimensional dependencies. Analysis of the results indicates the need to refine the provisions of SOU-N NAEK 133:2023 to increase the document’s universality and practical applicability. It is recommended to improve the correlation dependencies provided and to establish a representative experimental base for the development of standardized multifactorial models that account for the material’s real structural and chemical characteristics.</p>

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Methodological Features of Determining the Strength Characteristics of Structural Steels Based on Hardness Measurements

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月1日

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  • O. A. Katok

摘要

Methodological features of determining the strength characteristics of low- and medium-carbon steels based on hardness measurements are considered. The results presented reflect the practice of controlling the mechanical properties of structural materials for nuclear power plant equipment and serve as a basis for improving non-destructive methods for determining mechanical characteristics in the nuclear industry of Ukraine. The research methodology was based on comparing experimentally determined strength characteristics Rm and Rp0.2 obtained from tensile tests with calculated values derived from hardness measurements using the correlation dependencies specified in the standards DSTU EN ISO 18265 and SOU-N NAEK 133:2023. The study covered steel specimens in various technological states (sheet, bar, pipe) and sheet metal with different carbon contents. The key results showed that the assessment according to DSTU EN ISO 18265 provides better consistency with actual data (error ≤6%) for homogeneous materials. However, it was found that correlation accuracy is significantly reduced (errors of 13–23%) for products with a gradient in properties (seamless pipes) and materials with high hardness (≥140 HBW), especially when using SOU-N NAEK 133:2023 dependencies to estimate yield strength. To improve reliability, a combined approach was proposed and tested, which combines hardness measurements and chemical analysis results in a multivariate multiple regression model. This approach has demonstrated a significant improvement in the accuracy of Rm prediction (error ≈0.02–0.07%) compared to classical one-dimensional dependencies. Analysis of the results indicates the need to refine the provisions of SOU-N NAEK 133:2023 to increase the document’s universality and practical applicability. It is recommended to improve the correlation dependencies provided and to establish a representative experimental base for the development of standardized multifactorial models that account for the material’s real structural and chemical characteristics.