Effect of Gradient Texture on Flaring and Flattening Behavior of High-Strength Ti-3Al-2.5V Tubes
摘要
As a typical near-α titanium alloy, high-strength Ti-3Al-2.5V tubes exhibit forming behavior strongly influenced by their texture, particularly gradient texture. To satisfy the comprehensive performance requirements of hydraulic pipeline systems, the material must possess excellent plastic deformability to accommodate flaring and flattening processes, while also resisting cracking or failure under high-stress conditions. Microstructural characterization shows that variations in wall thickness and diameter reduction during cold pilgering result in a pronounced gradient texture along the tube thickness. This study employs the contractile strain ratio (CSR) as a key parameter to quantify texture intensity and the corresponding macroscopic anisotropic deformation behavior. Finite element models for flaring and flattening processes were developed and validated against experimental data. The results demonstrate that CSR significantly impacts wall thickness evolution during forming. Specifically, a higher CSR leads to increased thinning at the tube end during flaring and pronounced side walls thickening during flattening. Furthermore, various gradient texture distribution strategies are investigated. An inner-high/outer-low CSR distribution effectively reduces wall thinning and lowers the risk of outer-layer fracture during flaring. Conversely, an outer-high/inner-low CSR distribution enhances wall thickness retention, improves stress distribution, and contributes to greater structural stability during flattening. These findings provide theoretical support and practical guidance for gradient texture design and the optimization of forming processes in high-strength titanium tubes.