Late-Soviet philosophy in the BSSR and the Minsk School of existentialism
摘要
This article examines one of the most significant trajectories in the reception of the existential philosophy of Lev Shestov in the USSR. His principal successor in the Soviet context was Yakov Druskin, who developed a distinctive practice of phenomenological reduction that extended Shestov’s notion of the “apotheosis of groundlessness” through the poeticization of experience. This approach was realized in practice by the Chinari, a circle associated with OBERIU. During the period of the Khrushchev Thaw, the works of the Chinari experienced a revival and gained renewed attention. At the same time, in Minsk, a group of samizdat poets emerged who may be understood as a case of intellectual convergence: independently and without direct influence, they rediscovered and rearticulated the phenomenological reduction developed by Druskin and the Chinari, but within the specific context of Belarusian culture. These authors are now referred to as the Minsk School of Poetry—non-Soviet poets of the Belarusian samizdat. This development is particularly significant given that, during the same period, official philosophy in the Belarusian SSR largely took the form of a colonial discourse shaped by intellectual centers in Moscow and Leningrad. Alongside this, an unofficial but widespread Soviet New Age milieu also influenced a number of Belarusian authors, particularly those engaged in pseudoscientific theorizing. Against this backdrop, the Minsk School of Poetry stands out as the non-Soviet and noncolonial form of philosophical expression in Soviet Belarus, articulating a version of existentialism closely aligned with that of Shestov and Druskin. The study of this school is therefore of considerable importance for the broader project of decolonizing the philosophical and literary legacy of the BSSR.