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<p>Coronal holes (CHs) are large-scale, low-density regions in the solar atmosphere that may expel high-speed solar wind streams that incite hazardous, geomagnetic storms. Coronal and solar wind models can predict these high-speed streams, and the performance of the coronal model can be validated against segmented CH boundaries. We present a novel method named Sub-Transition Region Identification of Ensemble Coronal Holes (STRIDE-CH) to address prominent challenges in segmenting CHs using extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) imagery. Ground-based, chromospheric He&#xa0;<span>i</span> 10,830&#xa0;Å line imagery and underlying Fe&#xa0;<span>i</span> photospheric magnetograms are revisited to disambiguate CHs from filaments and quiet Sun, overcome obscuration by coronal loops, and complement established methods in the community which use space-borne coronal EUV observations. Classical computer vision techniques are applied to constrain the radiative and magnetic properties of detected CHs, produce an ensemble of boundaries, and compile these boundaries in a confidence map that quantifies the likelihood of the CH presence throughout the solar disk. This method is a science-enabling one towards future studies of CH formation and variability from a mid-atmospheric perspective.</p>

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Magnetic Field-Constrained Ensemble Image Segmentation of Coronal Holes in Chromospheric Observations

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月31日

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  • Jaime A. Landeros,
  • Michael S. Kirk,
  • C. Nick Arge,
  • Laura E. Boucheron,
  • Jie Zhang,
  • Vadim M. Uritsky,
  • Jeremy A. Grajeda,
  • Matthew Dupertuis

摘要

Coronal holes (CHs) are large-scale, low-density regions in the solar atmosphere that may expel high-speed solar wind streams that incite hazardous, geomagnetic storms. Coronal and solar wind models can predict these high-speed streams, and the performance of the coronal model can be validated against segmented CH boundaries. We present a novel method named Sub-Transition Region Identification of Ensemble Coronal Holes (STRIDE-CH) to address prominent challenges in segmenting CHs using extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) imagery. Ground-based, chromospheric He i 10,830 Å line imagery and underlying Fe i photospheric magnetograms are revisited to disambiguate CHs from filaments and quiet Sun, overcome obscuration by coronal loops, and complement established methods in the community which use space-borne coronal EUV observations. Classical computer vision techniques are applied to constrain the radiative and magnetic properties of detected CHs, produce an ensemble of boundaries, and compile these boundaries in a confidence map that quantifies the likelihood of the CH presence throughout the solar disk. This method is a science-enabling one towards future studies of CH formation and variability from a mid-atmospheric perspective.