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<p>The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are of great significance in the modern world to achieve the three zeros (zero poverty, zero unemployment, and zero emissions). This study aims to investigate the influence of remittances on the Ecological Footprint (EF) Index in nine Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) countries during the period 1984–2021. For this purpose, the study undertakes the Method of Moment Quantile Regression (MMQR) approach to test the possibility of the N-or и-shaped link between the aforementioned variables. It is worth mentioning that this paper differs from the previous literature by exploring the nonlinear association between remittances and ecological footprint in one of the most threatened regions by climate change for the first time. The findings revealed that the и-shape relationship between remittances and the ecological footprint was observed across all quantiles, particularly in the middle and upper quantiles. Similarly, the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis remains valid in all quantiles, holding turning points that rises with the rise in EF. These results present actionable visions to lessen climate change in the MENA region by controlling the use of remittances to reduce the EF.</p>

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Unveiling New Perspectives on the Role of Remittances on the Environmental Quality in MENA Region: New Evidence Using MMQR Approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月10日

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  • Hicham Ayad,
  • Amina Bendahmane,
  • Mohamed Driouche Dahmani

摘要

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are of great significance in the modern world to achieve the three zeros (zero poverty, zero unemployment, and zero emissions). This study aims to investigate the influence of remittances on the Ecological Footprint (EF) Index in nine Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) countries during the period 1984–2021. For this purpose, the study undertakes the Method of Moment Quantile Regression (MMQR) approach to test the possibility of the N-or и-shaped link between the aforementioned variables. It is worth mentioning that this paper differs from the previous literature by exploring the nonlinear association between remittances and ecological footprint in one of the most threatened regions by climate change for the first time. The findings revealed that the и-shape relationship between remittances and the ecological footprint was observed across all quantiles, particularly in the middle and upper quantiles. Similarly, the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis remains valid in all quantiles, holding turning points that rises with the rise in EF. These results present actionable visions to lessen climate change in the MENA region by controlling the use of remittances to reduce the EF.