<p>Proponents of a biosocial constructionist perspective assert that a gender equal future requires a shift in gender beliefs across gender groups. In the current study, we examine whether this shift is happening among 500 adolescent boys and girls attending elite single-sex schools in Australia, where students are encouraged and socialized to hold positions of leadership within society and institutions. Adolescents reported their beliefs about the origins of gender inequality, what the achievement of gender equality means, and what others judge to be suitable occupational roles for men and women through open-ended responses. The results revealed that both boys and girls held traditional nature versus nurture beliefs about the origins of gender roles and justifying gender inequality. There was little evidence that a single-sex school education promotes less traditional gender beliefs and stereotypes around occupational choices, especially for girls. In addition, with few exceptions, both girls and boys believed that people in general continue to endorse traditionally gendered occupational roles. These findings suggest minimal shifts away from traditional gender role beliefs in this sample, potentially related to the gender role socialization that may occur in single-sex schooling environments. Further research is needed to examine whether educational programs around gender role socialization and gender essentialism, especially for adolescent boys, and how to resist gendered power structures that prevent a more gender equal future, may foster more progressive gender beliefs among our future leaders.</p>