<p>This study explores how political transformation is reflected in constitutional language. Although political changes are usually accompanied by constitutional reforms, it is still not entirely clear how these changes appear at the linguistic level. Most existing research on constitutions has focused on institutional and legal aspects, while the evolution of constitutional vocabulary and linguistic structure has received less attention. Using a corpus-based approach, the study looks at three Albanian constitutional texts representing different political contexts: the 1974 Constitution of the Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo, the 1998 Constitution of the Republic of Albania, and the 2008 Constitution of the Republic of Kosovo. By comparing the use and distribution of shared, unique, and overlapping terms, as well as lexical borrowings, the study seeks to better understand patterns of continuity and change in constitutional discourse. The findings show that the 1974 socialist constitution is marked by a dense use of ideological terminology and frequent repetition, whereas the democratic constitutions display a more balanced lexical distribution, with greater emphasis on institutional and procedural language. At the same time, lexical borrowings reflect the historical context and the different legal and geopolitical orientations of each period. In general, the study suggests that constitutional change does not take place through a complete replacement of vocabulary, but rather through a gradual reorganization of expression and shifts in lexical emphasis. These findings contribute to legal linguistics and offer a useful perspective for analyzing the development of constitutional language in post-socialist contexts.</p>

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Lexical change and terminological borrowings in albanian constitutional texts: a corpus-based comparative analysis

  • Fatbardha Hoxha,
  • Bade Bajrami

摘要

This study explores how political transformation is reflected in constitutional language. Although political changes are usually accompanied by constitutional reforms, it is still not entirely clear how these changes appear at the linguistic level. Most existing research on constitutions has focused on institutional and legal aspects, while the evolution of constitutional vocabulary and linguistic structure has received less attention. Using a corpus-based approach, the study looks at three Albanian constitutional texts representing different political contexts: the 1974 Constitution of the Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo, the 1998 Constitution of the Republic of Albania, and the 2008 Constitution of the Republic of Kosovo. By comparing the use and distribution of shared, unique, and overlapping terms, as well as lexical borrowings, the study seeks to better understand patterns of continuity and change in constitutional discourse. The findings show that the 1974 socialist constitution is marked by a dense use of ideological terminology and frequent repetition, whereas the democratic constitutions display a more balanced lexical distribution, with greater emphasis on institutional and procedural language. At the same time, lexical borrowings reflect the historical context and the different legal and geopolitical orientations of each period. In general, the study suggests that constitutional change does not take place through a complete replacement of vocabulary, but rather through a gradual reorganization of expression and shifts in lexical emphasis. These findings contribute to legal linguistics and offer a useful perspective for analyzing the development of constitutional language in post-socialist contexts.