Catalytic systems based on copper(ii) bromide and reducing agents in macroradical coupling reactions in the presence of nitrones of various structures
摘要
Systems based on copper(ii) bromide, N,N,N′,N″,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, and various reducing agents (ascorbic acid, glucose, sodium isoascorbate, and sodium dithionite) were proposed for the use to activate coupling processes of monobrominated polystyrene macroradicals via the radical trap-assisted atom transfer radical coupling method in the presence of nitrones of various structures. A distinctive feature of the proposed systems based on copper(ii) bromide is their higher stability compared to activators based on copper(i) bromide. The spin trap structure plays a predominant role in the coupling processes. Among the reducing agents studied for copper(ii) bromide, ascorbic acid is the most effective. The coupling process in the presence of copper(ii)-based catalytic systems using reducing agents and nitrones of various structures occurs with a high yield of the dimeric product (40–80%). The results of the study of the thermal destruction of the coupling products indicate the formation of high-molecular-weight alkoxyamines bearing the labile nitroxyl group.