<p>2,4-Toluenediamine (TDA) is an important raw material in the polyurethane industry. The current industrial production method involves a gas–liquid–solid three-phase catalytic reaction process that utilizes hydrogen directly, presenting challenges such as high safety risks and non-uniform mixing of reactants. Therefore, this paper proposes and investigates an intrinsically safe liquid–solid phase approach for the catalytic hydrogenation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) to TDA using isopropanol as the hydrogen source. To screen out an efficient bimetallic catalyst formulation, we systematically regulated the loadings of Ru and Pt, and a highly efficient bimetallic Ru-Pt/AC catalyst exhibiting both dehydrogenation and hydrogenation functionalities was successfully prepared. Under atmospheric pressure and a reaction temperature of 135&#xa0;°C, with the mass ratio of catalyst, isopropanol, and water to DNT being 0.6, 47, and 35, respectively, and a reaction time of 3h, the yield of TDA reached 99.2%. The isopropanol dehydrogenation rate of the catalyst is the key to the entire reaction process; water can activate the nitro group through hydrogen bonds and thereby promote the hydrogenation reaction. The Ru species on the surface of the Ru-Pt/AC bimetallic catalyst are present in the metallic state, whereas Pt exists in both the Pt<sup>0</sup> and Pt<sup>2+</sup> oxidation states. The metal particle size is approximately 2&#xa0;nm. This reaction offers a safe and efficient green alternative for the production of materials used in the polyurethane industry.</p>

错误:搜索内容不能为空,请输入英文关键词
错误:关键词超出字数限制,请精简
高级检索

Catalytic hydrogenation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene to 2,4-toluenediamine using isopropanol as hydrogen source

  • Bohui Li,
  • Wei Liu,
  • Yucong Song,
  • Xiaoshu Ding,
  • Yanji Wang

摘要

2,4-Toluenediamine (TDA) is an important raw material in the polyurethane industry. The current industrial production method involves a gas–liquid–solid three-phase catalytic reaction process that utilizes hydrogen directly, presenting challenges such as high safety risks and non-uniform mixing of reactants. Therefore, this paper proposes and investigates an intrinsically safe liquid–solid phase approach for the catalytic hydrogenation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) to TDA using isopropanol as the hydrogen source. To screen out an efficient bimetallic catalyst formulation, we systematically regulated the loadings of Ru and Pt, and a highly efficient bimetallic Ru-Pt/AC catalyst exhibiting both dehydrogenation and hydrogenation functionalities was successfully prepared. Under atmospheric pressure and a reaction temperature of 135 °C, with the mass ratio of catalyst, isopropanol, and water to DNT being 0.6, 47, and 35, respectively, and a reaction time of 3h, the yield of TDA reached 99.2%. The isopropanol dehydrogenation rate of the catalyst is the key to the entire reaction process; water can activate the nitro group through hydrogen bonds and thereby promote the hydrogenation reaction. The Ru species on the surface of the Ru-Pt/AC bimetallic catalyst are present in the metallic state, whereas Pt exists in both the Pt0 and Pt2+ oxidation states. The metal particle size is approximately 2 nm. This reaction offers a safe and efficient green alternative for the production of materials used in the polyurethane industry.