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<p>In this study, the catalytic activity of sulfonic acid bonded on silica-coated silver nanoparticles (Ag@SiO<sub>2</sub>–SO<sub>3</sub>H) was investigated as an acidic heterogeneous catalyst for the one-pot four-component preparation of several of pyrano[3,2-<i>c</i>]pyrazole derivatives by the reaction of ethyl acetoacetate, malononitrile, hydrazine, and various aryl aldehydes at 80&#xa0;°C in the absence of solvent. This method was performed under environmentally friendly and mild conditions, without the use of harmful solvents. The products were easily separated and purified in high yields.</p>

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Sulfonic acid bonded on silica-coated silver nanoparticles as a heterogeneous catalyst promoted four-component preparation of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月3日

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  • Seyede Elaheh Ghafouri,
  • Hamid Goudarziafshar,
  • Ahmad Reza Moosavi-Zare

摘要

In this study, the catalytic activity of sulfonic acid bonded on silica-coated silver nanoparticles (Ag@SiO2–SO3H) was investigated as an acidic heterogeneous catalyst for the one-pot four-component preparation of several of pyrano[3,2-c]pyrazole derivatives by the reaction of ethyl acetoacetate, malononitrile, hydrazine, and various aryl aldehydes at 80 °C in the absence of solvent. This method was performed under environmentally friendly and mild conditions, without the use of harmful solvents. The products were easily separated and purified in high yields.