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<p>The present work describes the simple, general and efficient one-pot synthesis of chromeno [4, 3-<i>b</i>] chromene (<b>4a</b>–<b>4t</b>) and tetrahydrodipyrazolopyridine (<b>8a</b>–<b>8q</b>) derivatives catalyzed by a deep eutectic solvent named ETPP-Br/THF-TCA-DES (ethyl triphenylphosphonium bromide and tetrahydrofuran-2, 3, 4, 5-tetracarboxylic acid). Here, a diverse set of above derivatives were produced with high yields in short times by converging a set of green chemistry metrics in the implementation of multicomponent reactions including the use of low amounts of catalyst (10–15&#xa0;mg), the absence of the need for harsh temperature conditions, using water as a benign medium and ideal values of environmental factor (E-factor), process mass intensity (PMI) and atom economy (AE). These advantages, along with the introduction and characterization of novel derivatives to the literature, the easy recyclability of DES and its repeated use with a slight decrease in catalytic activity (six times), emphasize the novel aspects of our method as a significant contribution to the advancement of green methods.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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General and efficient one-pot synthesis of chromeno[4,3-b] chromenes and tetrahydrodipyrazolopyridines using reproducible deep eutectic solvent: a green protocol at mild temperature

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月27日

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  • Suleiman Ibrahim Mohammad,
  • Hamad AlMohamadi,
  • Asokan Vasudevan,
  • Zahraa AlKhafaje,
  • M. M. Rekha,
  • I. B. Sapaev,
  • Laxmidhar Maharana,
  • Kattela Chennakesavulu,
  • Vipasha Sharma,
  • Piyush Kumar Gupta

摘要

The present work describes the simple, general and efficient one-pot synthesis of chromeno [4, 3-b] chromene (4a–4t) and tetrahydrodipyrazolopyridine (8a–8q) derivatives catalyzed by a deep eutectic solvent named ETPP-Br/THF-TCA-DES (ethyl triphenylphosphonium bromide and tetrahydrofuran-2, 3, 4, 5-tetracarboxylic acid). Here, a diverse set of above derivatives were produced with high yields in short times by converging a set of green chemistry metrics in the implementation of multicomponent reactions including the use of low amounts of catalyst (10–15 mg), the absence of the need for harsh temperature conditions, using water as a benign medium and ideal values of environmental factor (E-factor), process mass intensity (PMI) and atom economy (AE). These advantages, along with the introduction and characterization of novel derivatives to the literature, the easy recyclability of DES and its repeated use with a slight decrease in catalytic activity (six times), emphasize the novel aspects of our method as a significant contribution to the advancement of green methods.

Graphical Abstract