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<p>Methylene blue (MB) as a persistent dye poses serious environmental threats, requiring efficient removal methods. In this study, the TiO<sub>2</sub>-graphene nanocomposites have been fabricated for MB decomposition under visible-light irradiation. Graphene oxide was synthesized via a modified Hummers method and subsequently incorporated into mixed-phase TiO<sub>2</sub> (44% anatase and 56% rutile) in varying amounts (5–75 wt.&#xa0;%) using a hydrothermal method. The introduction of this oxygen-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) into the TiO<sub>2</sub> matrix significantly enhanced the photocatalytic activity by increasing the adsorption surface area, reducing the band gap, and suppressing electron–hole recombination.</p><p>The nanocomposite with an optimal 50 wt.&#xa0;% RGO content demonstrated nearly complete MB degradation in less than 10 min, fitting a pseudo-first-order kinetic model with a high-rate constant. These results highlight the potential of TiO<sub>2</sub>–RGO nanocomposites for effective and rapid dye removal, presenting a promising advance in environmental remediation technologies.</p>

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Enhanced photocatalytic performance of mixed-phase TiO2–RGO nanocomposite for fast methylene blue decomposition under visible light

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月3日

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  • Reza Naderzadeh,
  • Masoud Vesali-Naseh,
  • Majid Rezaeivala

摘要

Methylene blue (MB) as a persistent dye poses serious environmental threats, requiring efficient removal methods. In this study, the TiO2-graphene nanocomposites have been fabricated for MB decomposition under visible-light irradiation. Graphene oxide was synthesized via a modified Hummers method and subsequently incorporated into mixed-phase TiO2 (44% anatase and 56% rutile) in varying amounts (5–75 wt. %) using a hydrothermal method. The introduction of this oxygen-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (RGO) into the TiO2 matrix significantly enhanced the photocatalytic activity by increasing the adsorption surface area, reducing the band gap, and suppressing electron–hole recombination.

The nanocomposite with an optimal 50 wt. % RGO content demonstrated nearly complete MB degradation in less than 10 min, fitting a pseudo-first-order kinetic model with a high-rate constant. These results highlight the potential of TiO2–RGO nanocomposites for effective and rapid dye removal, presenting a promising advance in environmental remediation technologies.