CoFe₂O₄/g-C₃N₄ nanocatalyzed sonosynthesis of tetrazole-coumarin hybrids
摘要
This study presents the development of a CoFe₂O₄/g-C₃N₄ nanocatalyst, characterized by various techniques, for its application as a sonocatalyst in the eco-friendly synthesis of tetrazole-coumarin hybrids. To examine the effect of ultrasonic irradiation on reaction efficiency, a multicomponent reaction involving triethylamine, the nanocatalyst, sodium azide, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and bromoacetyl coumarin was carried out. The study found that applying 300W of ultrasonic power for 60 min significantly increased the yield of certain (1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-coumarin hybrids (7a-d) to over 92% through a sonocatalytic [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction. This nanocatalytic system presents numerous benefits, including easy synthesis, mild reaction conditions, a clean reaction environment, and straightforward workup procedures. High yields of tetrazole-coumarin hybrids were obtained while ensuring effective purification and the catalyst's reusability without substantial loss of activity. This work highlights a sustainable approach to synthesizing bioactive compounds, contributing to advancements in green chemistry.