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<p>The steelmaking industry is one of the largest sources of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, highlighting the urgent need for effective greenhouse gas reduction strategies. This research successfully developed innovative catalysts that integrate the reverse water–gas shift (RWGS) reaction and dry reforming of methane (DRM) to enable a three-way reforming process, utilizing CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and H<sub>2</sub> as reaction gases or coke oven gas (COG) as a feedstock. Notably, it demonstrates a near-complete direct CO<sub>2</sub> reduction from COG. Catalytic performance was optimized by evaluating supports (MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, hydrotalcites (MG30, MG70), SiO<sub>2</sub>, and ZSM-5), metals/metal oxide loadings (Ni, Cu, Ni-Cu), and hexagonal boron nitride (<i>h</i>-BN). Additionally, the catalysts were characterized to elucidate their morphology, structure, and thermal stability. The 8Ni-2Cu/10<i>h</i>-BN.MG30 catalyst exhibited exceptional catalytic performance, achieving high CO<sub>2</sub>, and CH<sub>4</sub> conversion rates with remarkable CO space–time yield (3328.7&#xa0;mg g<sub>cat</sub><sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>). Incorporating <i>h</i>-BN enhanced stability, mitigating coke formation and deactivation, while COG proved to be an effective feedstock. Experiments and theory were also designed to understand the reaction mechanism further. The findings confirm that H-induced CO<sub>2</sub> decomposition is the primary pathway for CO<sub>2</sub> dissociation, where adsorbed H* species preferentially interact with CO<sub>2</sub>* in the gas phase, facilitating efficient conversion. This work highlights three-way reforming as a promising approach for reducing carbon emissions and enhancing by-product gas utilization, marking a significant step toward sustainable steel production.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Enhancing three-way reforming in a blast furnace: insights into the effects of hexagonal boron nitride addition on Ni-Cu-based catalysts with different supports and their reaction mechanisms

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月14日

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  • Yi-Chun Chen,
  • Jeffrey C. S. Wu,
  • Van-Huy Nguyen,
  • Wen-Hui Cheng,
  • Yu-Jeng Lin,
  • Che-Min Lin,
  • Chun-Hsiu Wang,
  • Shih-kang Lin

摘要

The steelmaking industry is one of the largest sources of CO2 emissions, highlighting the urgent need for effective greenhouse gas reduction strategies. This research successfully developed innovative catalysts that integrate the reverse water–gas shift (RWGS) reaction and dry reforming of methane (DRM) to enable a three-way reforming process, utilizing CO2, CH4, and H2 as reaction gases or coke oven gas (COG) as a feedstock. Notably, it demonstrates a near-complete direct CO2 reduction from COG. Catalytic performance was optimized by evaluating supports (MgAl2O4, hydrotalcites (MG30, MG70), SiO2, and ZSM-5), metals/metal oxide loadings (Ni, Cu, Ni-Cu), and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). Additionally, the catalysts were characterized to elucidate their morphology, structure, and thermal stability. The 8Ni-2Cu/10h-BN.MG30 catalyst exhibited exceptional catalytic performance, achieving high CO2, and CH4 conversion rates with remarkable CO space–time yield (3328.7 mg gcat−1 h−1). Incorporating h-BN enhanced stability, mitigating coke formation and deactivation, while COG proved to be an effective feedstock. Experiments and theory were also designed to understand the reaction mechanism further. The findings confirm that H-induced CO2 decomposition is the primary pathway for CO2 dissociation, where adsorbed H* species preferentially interact with CO2* in the gas phase, facilitating efficient conversion. This work highlights three-way reforming as a promising approach for reducing carbon emissions and enhancing by-product gas utilization, marking a significant step toward sustainable steel production.

Graphical abstract