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<p>Two functionalization strategies were utilized to synthesize sulfonated mesoporous silica (MCM-41): an aminopropyl-based route, approach to yield the M-NH-S catalyst, (M-NH-S) and a thiol-oxidation route, producing M-SH-S. Structural characterization through XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TGA, and Py-IR was performed to establish correlations with catalytic performance. The catalytic efficiency was assessed using the Fischer esterification of free fatty acids (FFAs) with methanol. M-NH-S achieved a 96.4% initial conversion for myristic acid but experienced an 80% activity loss after three cycles. In contrast, M-SH-S maintained a conversion rate above 65% after five consecutive runs. The deactivation mechanism of M-NH-S was identified through post-reaction analysis as the formation of surface methylsulfonate species. These findings identify M-SH-S as a promising candidate for biodiesel production from low-grade feedstocks, particularly because of its enhanced reusability and resistance to methanol-induced deactivation.</p>

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Unraveling the interplay between surface functionalization and catalyst stability: sulfonated MCM-41 for biodiesel production

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • Camila M. Loffredo,
  • Claudia A. Neyertz,
  • Darío C. Gerbino,
  • Mariana Alvarez

摘要

Two functionalization strategies were utilized to synthesize sulfonated mesoporous silica (MCM-41): an aminopropyl-based route, approach to yield the M-NH-S catalyst, (M-NH-S) and a thiol-oxidation route, producing M-SH-S. Structural characterization through XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TGA, and Py-IR was performed to establish correlations with catalytic performance. The catalytic efficiency was assessed using the Fischer esterification of free fatty acids (FFAs) with methanol. M-NH-S achieved a 96.4% initial conversion for myristic acid but experienced an 80% activity loss after three cycles. In contrast, M-SH-S maintained a conversion rate above 65% after five consecutive runs. The deactivation mechanism of M-NH-S was identified through post-reaction analysis as the formation of surface methylsulfonate species. These findings identify M-SH-S as a promising candidate for biodiesel production from low-grade feedstocks, particularly because of its enhanced reusability and resistance to methanol-induced deactivation.