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<p>This study investigates the effects of multilayer graphene (MLG) incorporation on the properties of Al/CuO nanothermite. Al/CuO nanothermites containing different weight percentages (wt%) of MLG were synthesized using the physical mixing method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified the presence of crystalline phases, whereas field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed enhanced interfacial contact with MLG. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that Al/CuO/MLG (2 wt%) nanothermite achieved the highest energy release (900 J/g) compared to pure Al/CuO nanothermite (528 J/g). Isoconversional kinetic analysis demonstrated that the incorporation of MLG lowered the activation energy. These results indicated that while Al/CuO nanothermite follows the Avrami-Erofeev reaction model, Al/CuO/MLG (4 wt%) exhibits the first order reaction model. Thrust performance testing demonstrated that Al/CuO/MLG (4 wt%) achieved a specific impulse of 49.4 s, representing a 2.01-fold improvement over Al/CuO nanothermite.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Reaction kinetics, thermal behaviour, and thrust of Al/CuO/multilayer graphene nanothermites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月12日

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  • Rahul,
  • Vimal Sharma,
  • K. K. Sharma

摘要

This study investigates the effects of multilayer graphene (MLG) incorporation on the properties of Al/CuO nanothermite. Al/CuO nanothermites containing different weight percentages (wt%) of MLG were synthesized using the physical mixing method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified the presence of crystalline phases, whereas field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed enhanced interfacial contact with MLG. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that Al/CuO/MLG (2 wt%) nanothermite achieved the highest energy release (900 J/g) compared to pure Al/CuO nanothermite (528 J/g). Isoconversional kinetic analysis demonstrated that the incorporation of MLG lowered the activation energy. These results indicated that while Al/CuO nanothermite follows the Avrami-Erofeev reaction model, Al/CuO/MLG (4 wt%) exhibits the first order reaction model. Thrust performance testing demonstrated that Al/CuO/MLG (4 wt%) achieved a specific impulse of 49.4 s, representing a 2.01-fold improvement over Al/CuO nanothermite.

Graphical abstract