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<p>Herein, we report the FFA photoesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) using a BiVO<sub>4</sub> and visible irradiation. Despite undergoing treatments under different temperatures (120&#xa0;°C and 150&#xa0;°C), both synthesized samples presented high crystallinity and similar morphologies, corresponding to a mixture composed of the scheelite structure of monoclinic and tetragonal phases of BiVO<sub>4</sub>. The FFA conversions with the photocatalysts were significantly higher than the non-catalytic reactions. The gas chromatography analysis shows that the products are composed of a mixture of ethyl esters and a low amount of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE). The results demonstrate that the photoesterification of FFA of non-edible vegetable oils can be driven by BiVO<sub>4</sub> photocatalysts under visible irradiation, at regular temperature, reduced ethanol/oil molar ratio, and short&#xa0;times.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Esterification of free fat acids from waste cooking oil using BiVO4 photocatalysts under visible irradiation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月19日

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  • Camilo Aurélio Brandão Crisóstomo,
  • Fernanda Barbosa Damaceno,
  • João Paulo de Mesquita,
  • Juliana Arriel Torres,
  • Caue Ribeiro,
  • Roberto Ananias Ribeiro,
  • Osmando F. Lopes,
  • Waldir Avansi Jr.,
  • Jânio Santos Almeida,
  • Henrique Aparecido de Jesus Loures Mourão

摘要

Herein, we report the FFA photoesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) using a BiVO4 and visible irradiation. Despite undergoing treatments under different temperatures (120 °C and 150 °C), both synthesized samples presented high crystallinity and similar morphologies, corresponding to a mixture composed of the scheelite structure of monoclinic and tetragonal phases of BiVO4. The FFA conversions with the photocatalysts were significantly higher than the non-catalytic reactions. The gas chromatography analysis shows that the products are composed of a mixture of ethyl esters and a low amount of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE). The results demonstrate that the photoesterification of FFA of non-edible vegetable oils can be driven by BiVO4 photocatalysts under visible irradiation, at regular temperature, reduced ethanol/oil molar ratio, and short times.

Graphical Abstract