<p>In a recent paper, we proved that for any large enough odd modulus <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(q\in \mathbb {N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">N</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and fixed <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\alpha _2\in \mathbb {N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">N</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> coprime to <i>q</i>, the congruence <Equation ID="Equ34"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( x_1^2+\alpha _2x_2^2+\alpha _3x_3^2\equiv 0 \bmod {q} \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>≡</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mo>mod</mo> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mi>q</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>has a solution of <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((x_1,x_2,x_3)\in \mathbb {Z}^3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(x_3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> coprime to <i>q</i> of height <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\max \{|x_1|,|x_2|,|x_3|\}\le q^{11/24+\varepsilon }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mrow> <mo movablelimits="true">max</mo> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> <mo>≤</mo> <msup> <mi>q</mi> <mrow> <mn>11</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>24</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>ε</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for, in a sense, almost all <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\alpha _3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\alpha _3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> runs over the reduced residue classes modulo <i>q</i>. Here it was of significance that <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(11/24&lt;1/2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>11</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>24</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, so we broke a natural barrier. In this paper, we average the moduli <i>q</i> in addition, establishing the existence of a solution of height <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\le Q^{3/8+\varepsilon }\alpha _2^{\varepsilon }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>≤</mo> <msup> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>8</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>ε</mi> </mrow> </msup> <msubsup> <mi>α</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mi>ε</mi> </msubsup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for almost all pairs <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((q,\alpha _3)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, with <i>Q</i> large enough, <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Q&lt;q\le 2Q\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>Q</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>Q</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <i>q</i> coprime to <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(2\alpha _2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\alpha _3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>α</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> running over the reduced residue classes modulo <i>q</i>.</p>

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Small solutions of ternary quadratic congruences with averaging over the moduli

  • Stephan Baier,
  • Aishik Chattopadhyay

摘要

In a recent paper, we proved that for any large enough odd modulus \(q\in \mathbb {N}\) q N and fixed \(\alpha _2\in \mathbb {N}\) α 2 N coprime to q, the congruence \( x_1^2+\alpha _2x_2^2+\alpha _3x_3^2\equiv 0 \bmod {q} \) x 1 2 + α 2 x 2 2 + α 3 x 3 2 0 mod q has a solution of \((x_1,x_2,x_3)\in \mathbb {Z}^3\) ( x 1 , x 2 , x 3 ) Z 3 with \(x_3\) x 3 coprime to q of height \(\max \{|x_1|,|x_2|,|x_3|\}\le q^{11/24+\varepsilon }\) max { | x 1 | , | x 2 | , | x 3 | } q 11 / 24 + ε for, in a sense, almost all \(\alpha _3\) α 3 , where \(\alpha _3\) α 3 runs over the reduced residue classes modulo q. Here it was of significance that \(11/24<1/2\) 11 / 24 < 1 / 2 , so we broke a natural barrier. In this paper, we average the moduli q in addition, establishing the existence of a solution of height \(\le Q^{3/8+\varepsilon }\alpha _2^{\varepsilon }\) Q 3 / 8 + ε α 2 ε for almost all pairs \((q,\alpha _3)\) ( q , α 3 ) , with Q large enough, \(Q<q\le 2Q\) Q < q 2 Q , q coprime to \(2\alpha _2\) 2 α 2 and \(\alpha _3\) α 3 running over the reduced residue classes modulo q.