<p>We consider the family of elliptic curves <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1170_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="181" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(E_{a,b}:y^2=x^3+a(x-b)^2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>:</mo> <msup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mi>a</mi> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1170_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="57" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(a,b \in {\mathbb {Z}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. These elliptic curves have a rational 3-isogeny, say <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1170_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="16" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varphi \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>φ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. We give an upper and a lower bound on the rank of the <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1170_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="16" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varphi \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>φ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-Selmer group of <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1170_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="31" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(E_{a,b}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> over <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1170_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="80" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(K:={\mathbb {Q}}(\zeta _3)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>K</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Q</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>ζ</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in terms of the 3-part of the ideal class group of a certain quadratic extension of <i>K</i>. Using our bounds on the Selmer groups, we construct infinitely many curves in this family with arbitrarily large 3-Selmer rank over <i>K</i> and no non-trivial <i>K</i>-rational point of order 3. We also show that for a positive proportion of natural numbers <i>n</i>, the curve <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1170_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="51" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(E_{n,n}/{\mathbb {Q}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Q</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> has root number <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11139_2025_1170_Article_IEq11.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="24" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(-1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and 3-Selmer rank equal to 1.</p>

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\(\sqrt{-3}\)-Selmer groups, ideal class groups and large 3-Selmer ranks

  • Somnath Jha,
  • Dipramit Majumdar,
  • Pratiksha Shingavekar

摘要

We consider the family of elliptic curves \(E_{a,b}:y^2=x^3+a(x-b)^2\) E a , b : y 2 = x 3 + a ( x - b ) 2 with \(a,b \in {\mathbb {Z}}\) a , b Z . These elliptic curves have a rational 3-isogeny, say \(\varphi \) φ . We give an upper and a lower bound on the rank of the \(\varphi \) φ -Selmer group of \(E_{a,b}\) E a , b over \(K:={\mathbb {Q}}(\zeta _3)\) K : = Q ( ζ 3 ) in terms of the 3-part of the ideal class group of a certain quadratic extension of K. Using our bounds on the Selmer groups, we construct infinitely many curves in this family with arbitrarily large 3-Selmer rank over K and no non-trivial K-rational point of order 3. We also show that for a positive proportion of natural numbers n, the curve \(E_{n,n}/{\mathbb {Q}}\) E n , n / Q has root number \(-1\) - 1 and 3-Selmer rank equal to 1.