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<p>The current level of digital transformation is driving an increasing demand for achieving the triple bottom line sustainability. In this regard, banking 4.0 technologies can serve as a turning point in banking processes, contributing to sustainable development. In this context, this paper investigates how five pioneering technologies, such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, mobile banking, big data analytics, and cloud computing, influence the triple bottom line sustainability of the banking system, drawing on the dynamic capabilities view theory and upper echelon theory. A combination of structural equation modeling, necessary condition analysis, and a combined importance-performance map was applied to assess this model. A self-reported questionnaire was employed to collect data from 511 bank employees through purposive sampling. The findings confirmed that all five digital technologies influence triple bottom line sustainability, with each displaying varying performance and minimum levels based on their relative significance. The study results also demonstrated that financial inclusion, as a mediator, and top management commitment, as a moderator, can influence the interactions between the sustainability of the banking system and its predictions. The implications of this study can support practitioners and researchers in grasping that digitalization and sustainability are co-transformations rather than separate transformations unfolding in parallel.</p>

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Understanding the impact of banking 4.0 digital technologies on triple bottom line sustainability through the mediating role of financial inclusion: insights from PLS -SEM, NCA, and cIPMA analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月30日

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  • Megha Garg,
  • Parveen Kumar

摘要

The current level of digital transformation is driving an increasing demand for achieving the triple bottom line sustainability. In this regard, banking 4.0 technologies can serve as a turning point in banking processes, contributing to sustainable development. In this context, this paper investigates how five pioneering technologies, such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, mobile banking, big data analytics, and cloud computing, influence the triple bottom line sustainability of the banking system, drawing on the dynamic capabilities view theory and upper echelon theory. A combination of structural equation modeling, necessary condition analysis, and a combined importance-performance map was applied to assess this model. A self-reported questionnaire was employed to collect data from 511 bank employees through purposive sampling. The findings confirmed that all five digital technologies influence triple bottom line sustainability, with each displaying varying performance and minimum levels based on their relative significance. The study results also demonstrated that financial inclusion, as a mediator, and top management commitment, as a moderator, can influence the interactions between the sustainability of the banking system and its predictions. The implications of this study can support practitioners and researchers in grasping that digitalization and sustainability are co-transformations rather than separate transformations unfolding in parallel.