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<p>A quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme that works over long distances is proposed wherein two parties aiming to share a secret key send quantum signals to an intermediary party. The system configuration is similar to twin-field (TF) QKD, but lasting sequential weak coherent pulses are transmitted instead of single pulses and a delay interferometer is used to receive the transmitted pulses instead of a beam splitter. With these modifications, four pulses interfere with each other at the intermediary party, which prohibits that party from eavesdropping by directly measuring the transmitted signals. The proposed protocol does not include phase randomization or decoy methods, and thus the system setup and operation are simpler than in conventional TF-QKD while achieving similar QKD distances.</p>

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Differential-quadrature-phase-shift quadruplet-field quantum key distribution

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Kyo Inoue,
  • Toshimori Honjo

摘要

A quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme that works over long distances is proposed wherein two parties aiming to share a secret key send quantum signals to an intermediary party. The system configuration is similar to twin-field (TF) QKD, but lasting sequential weak coherent pulses are transmitted instead of single pulses and a delay interferometer is used to receive the transmitted pulses instead of a beam splitter. With these modifications, four pulses interfere with each other at the intermediary party, which prohibits that party from eavesdropping by directly measuring the transmitted signals. The proposed protocol does not include phase randomization or decoy methods, and thus the system setup and operation are simpler than in conventional TF-QKD while achieving similar QKD distances.