<p>Existing quantum private comparison protocols face severe practical bottle necks, including high quantum resource consumption, reliance on pre-shared keys, and massive classical signaling overhead. To address these issues, we propose a highly efficient quantum private comparison protocol based on six-qubit entangled cluster states. To minimize signaling overhead, we innovatively introduce a two-frame aggregation mechanism inspired by classical medium access control. This translates sequential physical transmissions into a 4-bit parallel comparison, achieving 50% qubit efficiency while halving classical handshake interactions. Furthermore, the protocol completely eliminates the need for pre-shared keys by utilizing negotiation frames and a quantum-resistant hash chain to generate forward-secure, endogenous session keys. Against fluctuating channel noise, an adaptive dynamic decoy strategy based on real-time quantum bit error rate is integrated with hardware-assisted defenses. Rigorous security analysis and Qiskit simulations demonstrate &gt; 99.9% detection sensitivity against external attacks, and strict detectability under extreme models involving semi-honest third parties or collusion. Compared with recent protocols, our scheme provides a highly practical paradigm for large-scale quantum networks with significant advantages in communication throughput and robustness.</p>