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<p>No-interfering quantum key distribution (NI-QKD) provides a polarization-based approach to surpassing the PLOB bound without requiring quantum repeaters. To further enhance its performance, we propose NI-QKD with advantage distillation (NI-QKD-AD), a classical post-processing step that significantly strengthens the correlation between Alice and Bob’s raw keys. By partitioning the raw keys into variable-length blocks and retaining only those with high correlation, the protocol substantially extends the maximum transmission distance. Under ideal conditions, the distance increases from 424 to 459&#xa0;km for the r-event and from 410 to 454&#xa0;km for the b-event. Under realistic channel parameters, it extends from 319 to 375&#xa0;km for the r-event and from 271 to 359&#xa0;km for the b-event. We further demonstrate the protocol’s robustness against phase and polarization misalignments and provide a finite-size security analysis, confirming that NI-QKD-AD maintains its advantages under practical conditions without any modification to the existing optical hardware. These results establish NI-QKD-AD as a highly deployable solution, offering both improved performance and strong potential for large-scale quantum communication networks.</p>

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No-interfering quantum key distribution with advantage distillation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月21日

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  • Hongxu Wang,
  • Yang Yu,
  • Wei Li,
  • Le Wang,
  • Shengmei Zhao

摘要

No-interfering quantum key distribution (NI-QKD) provides a polarization-based approach to surpassing the PLOB bound without requiring quantum repeaters. To further enhance its performance, we propose NI-QKD with advantage distillation (NI-QKD-AD), a classical post-processing step that significantly strengthens the correlation between Alice and Bob’s raw keys. By partitioning the raw keys into variable-length blocks and retaining only those with high correlation, the protocol substantially extends the maximum transmission distance. Under ideal conditions, the distance increases from 424 to 459 km for the r-event and from 410 to 454 km for the b-event. Under realistic channel parameters, it extends from 319 to 375 km for the r-event and from 271 to 359 km for the b-event. We further demonstrate the protocol’s robustness against phase and polarization misalignments and provide a finite-size security analysis, confirming that NI-QKD-AD maintains its advantages under practical conditions without any modification to the existing optical hardware. These results establish NI-QKD-AD as a highly deployable solution, offering both improved performance and strong potential for large-scale quantum communication networks.