<p>This study examines the potential institutional causes of inflation in the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa. Using up-to-date econometric approaches over the period 1980–2021, we find that corruption and the structure of public expenditure are the significant institutional determinants of inflation, and that the establishment of a regulatory authority by the States in the electricity and telecommunications sectors can significantly reduce the phenomenon of inflation. We recommend public-private partnership programs in sectors of general interest to limit the influence of the State, while fighting corruption, and the coordination of monetary policy with the conduct of fiscal policies.</p>