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<p>Maize is a key crop for food and feed in sub-Saharan Africa; however, its production and productivity face severe challenges due to climate change. A diverse genetic pool of the crop is required to enhance its genetic resilience to environmental stresses. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity among maize doubled haploid (DH) lines developed in multiple stress-tolerant breeding pipelines. A total of 2574 maize DH lines derived from 19 drought-tolerant base populations were genotyped with rAmpSeq SNP markers. Genetic diversity was assessed using different analytical approaches and software such as GenAlEx, Bio-R, TASSEL, MEGA-11, and DARwin. Molecular variance analysis revealed significant genetic differentiation among clusters and base populations. Distinct genetic clusters were identified, with the greatest divergence between Pop14 and Pop18, showing a genetic differential (PhiPT) value of 0.58. Conversely, the closest genetic relationships were between Pop3 and Pop17, with PhiPT of 0.03. The neighbor-joining (NJ) tree, principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram classified the 2574 DH lines into four groups. Roger’s genetic distances among the DH lines ranged from 0.30 to 0.75, with an overall mean of 0.57 indicating moderate to high genetic differentiation. Notably, clustering analysis based on SNP data revealed that the original heterotic groups, previously identified based on source germplasm and combining ability studies, were not consistently maintained. This study highlights the broad genetic diversity among maize CIMMYT DH lines which can be exploited to develop climate-resilient varieties and ensure sustainable maize productivity in the face of climate change.</p>

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Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Drought Tolerant Maize Doubled Haploid Lines

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月2日

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  • Goshime Muluneh Mekasha,
  • Zerihun Demrew Yigezu,
  • Manje Gowda,
  • Juan Burgueño,
  • Yoseph Beyene,
  • Adefris Teklewold Chere

摘要

Maize is a key crop for food and feed in sub-Saharan Africa; however, its production and productivity face severe challenges due to climate change. A diverse genetic pool of the crop is required to enhance its genetic resilience to environmental stresses. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity among maize doubled haploid (DH) lines developed in multiple stress-tolerant breeding pipelines. A total of 2574 maize DH lines derived from 19 drought-tolerant base populations were genotyped with rAmpSeq SNP markers. Genetic diversity was assessed using different analytical approaches and software such as GenAlEx, Bio-R, TASSEL, MEGA-11, and DARwin. Molecular variance analysis revealed significant genetic differentiation among clusters and base populations. Distinct genetic clusters were identified, with the greatest divergence between Pop14 and Pop18, showing a genetic differential (PhiPT) value of 0.58. Conversely, the closest genetic relationships were between Pop3 and Pop17, with PhiPT of 0.03. The neighbor-joining (NJ) tree, principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram classified the 2574 DH lines into four groups. Roger’s genetic distances among the DH lines ranged from 0.30 to 0.75, with an overall mean of 0.57 indicating moderate to high genetic differentiation. Notably, clustering analysis based on SNP data revealed that the original heterotic groups, previously identified based on source germplasm and combining ability studies, were not consistently maintained. This study highlights the broad genetic diversity among maize CIMMYT DH lines which can be exploited to develop climate-resilient varieties and ensure sustainable maize productivity in the face of climate change.