CRISPR/Cas9 Applications for Nutritional Enhancement in Major Oilseed, Vegetable, and Cereal Crops: A Comprehensive Review
摘要
To sustain the growing human population, achieving global food security through accessible, nutritious food is imperative to combat nutritional deficiencies and promote improved health. Agricultural research is increasingly focusing on enhancing the nutritional attributes of food crops. Surpassing conventional breeding, transgenic approaches, and first-generation genome editing technologies like ZFNs and TALENs, CRISPR/Cas9 has emerged in the last decade as a breakthrough in this field. In recent years, crop improvement attempts by various groups employing this technology have showcased its high efficiency, ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and specificity to generate curated alterations in target genes mediating the nutritional enhancement of food crops. Stable inheritance of the resulting elite traits in the advanced generations has also been reported validating its wide applicability. This review summarises CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing performed on major oilseed, vegetable, and cereal crops to enhance their nutritional attributes. Additionally, limitations to overcome in future, current regulatory status, and future perspectives to tap out the maximum potential of this versatile technology have also been discussed.