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<p>To meet the projected demand for rice production, it is necessary to breed rice varieties with improved agronomic traits to enhance productivity. Imparting the ideal plant architecture (IPA) trait in rice is one of the most important approaches for enhancing crop yield. The attributes of ideal plant architecture traits include reduced tiller number, increased plant height, and improved panicle morphology and grain yield. The master gene controlling the ideal plant architecture trait is pleiotropic, <i>IPA1</i> (<i>IDEAL PLANT ARCHITECTURE 1</i>) or <i>SPL14</i> (<i>SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 14</i>), which is negatively regulated by <i>miR529</i> and <i>miR156</i>. Modifying the <i>miR529/miR156</i> binding site on <i>IPA1</i> eliminates the silencing effect of <i>miR529</i> and <i>miR156</i>, thereby leading to enhanced expression of the <i>IPA1</i> gene. This was demonstrated in this investigation through precise editing of the <i>miR529/miR156</i>-<i>IPA1</i> module using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Molecular and agronomic characterization of nine homozygous <i>ipa1</i> mutants revealed that a mutant with an in-frame deletion in the <i>miR529</i> binding site exhibited IPA traits such as enhanced plant height and panicle branching, reduced tiller number, and stronger culm characteristics compared to the wild type. Conversely, the plants with frame-shift mutations with disruptions in <i>miR529</i> and <i>miR156</i> binding sites exhibited a shorter plant phenotype with profuse tillering. However, the grain yield was found to have decreased in all <i>ipa1</i> mutants, including the in-frame mutant, due to the pleiotropic effect of the <i>IPA1</i> allele. Hence, further research is needed to fine-tune the <i>IPA1</i> gene expression, which is regulated by complex miRNA regulatory networks in plants.</p>

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Targeted Editing of the miR529/miR156-IPA1 Regulatory Module via the CRISPR/Cas9 System for Developing Ideal Plant Architecture Traits in Rice

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月21日

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  • A. Shanthinie,
  • S. Varanavasiappan,
  • K. K. Kumar,
  • L. Arul,
  • S. Manonmani,
  • P. Jeyakumar,
  • E. Kokiladevi,
  • D. Sudhakar

摘要

To meet the projected demand for rice production, it is necessary to breed rice varieties with improved agronomic traits to enhance productivity. Imparting the ideal plant architecture (IPA) trait in rice is one of the most important approaches for enhancing crop yield. The attributes of ideal plant architecture traits include reduced tiller number, increased plant height, and improved panicle morphology and grain yield. The master gene controlling the ideal plant architecture trait is pleiotropic, IPA1 (IDEAL PLANT ARCHITECTURE 1) or SPL14 (SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 14), which is negatively regulated by miR529 and miR156. Modifying the miR529/miR156 binding site on IPA1 eliminates the silencing effect of miR529 and miR156, thereby leading to enhanced expression of the IPA1 gene. This was demonstrated in this investigation through precise editing of the miR529/miR156-IPA1 module using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Molecular and agronomic characterization of nine homozygous ipa1 mutants revealed that a mutant with an in-frame deletion in the miR529 binding site exhibited IPA traits such as enhanced plant height and panicle branching, reduced tiller number, and stronger culm characteristics compared to the wild type. Conversely, the plants with frame-shift mutations with disruptions in miR529 and miR156 binding sites exhibited a shorter plant phenotype with profuse tillering. However, the grain yield was found to have decreased in all ipa1 mutants, including the in-frame mutant, due to the pleiotropic effect of the IPA1 allele. Hence, further research is needed to fine-tune the IPA1 gene expression, which is regulated by complex miRNA regulatory networks in plants.