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<p>Tetrapyrroles play a crucial role in photosynthesis, respiration, and various biological processes in plants. Heme is one of the major products of the tetrapyrrole synthesis pathway. It serves as an important cofactor for numerous enzymes in living organisms. However, cytosolic free heme can lead to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which ultimately causes cellular damage. SOUL/heme-binding proteins (SOUL/HBP) are the heme carrier proteins that can transport heme and recruit heme oxygenase to degrade the free heme, thereby maintaining intracellular ROS homeostasis. Currently, heme-binding proteins have been identified in bacteria, plants, and animals, but the biological functions of most plant heme-binding proteins remain unclear. This mini-review will briefly introduce the structure, subcellular localization, and tissue distribution of heme-binding proteins and will provide insights into the biological functions and application prospects of the heme-binding proteins in plants.</p>

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Plant Heme-Binding Proteins: Insights into Functions and Application Prospect

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月17日

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  • Yao Sun,
  • Yao Li,
  • Guoqing Huang,
  • Qiong Wu,
  • Xin Sun,
  • Jiaying Xue,
  • Di Fu,
  • Dandan Wang,
  • Lei Wang

摘要

Tetrapyrroles play a crucial role in photosynthesis, respiration, and various biological processes in plants. Heme is one of the major products of the tetrapyrrole synthesis pathway. It serves as an important cofactor for numerous enzymes in living organisms. However, cytosolic free heme can lead to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which ultimately causes cellular damage. SOUL/heme-binding proteins (SOUL/HBP) are the heme carrier proteins that can transport heme and recruit heme oxygenase to degrade the free heme, thereby maintaining intracellular ROS homeostasis. Currently, heme-binding proteins have been identified in bacteria, plants, and animals, but the biological functions of most plant heme-binding proteins remain unclear. This mini-review will briefly introduce the structure, subcellular localization, and tissue distribution of heme-binding proteins and will provide insights into the biological functions and application prospects of the heme-binding proteins in plants.