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Background and aims <p>Microbial inoculation offers a sustainable approach for improving <i>Angelica sinensis</i> cultivation, but how inoculants coordinate plant growth, root bioactive compound accumulation, and rhizosphere responses under different microbial backgrounds remains unclear. This study evaluated the effects of the multifunctional endophyte <i>Paenibacillus peoriae</i> S1BR80 on <i>A. sinensis</i> and associated plant-soil-microbiome responses.</p> Methods <p>A 2 × 2 factorial pot experiment combining soil sterilization and bacterial inoculation was conducted. Plant growth, root ligustilide and ferulic acid, physiological and hormonal traits, rhizosphere soil properties, and bacterial/fungal communities were analyzed using HPLC, biochemical and ELISA assays, soil enzyme measurements, 16S rRNA/ITS amplicon sequencing, and multivariate analyses.</p> Results <p>S1BR80 showed multiple plant growth-promoting traits and antifungal activity in vitro. In pots, S1BR80 enhanced <i>A. sinensis</i> growth and root bioactive compound accumulation, with stronger responses in sterilized soil. Under sterilized conditions, root dry biomass increased by 68.9%, ligustilide increased 10.5-fold to 18.40, and ferulic acid reached 6.04&#xa0;mg&#xa0;g⁻<sup>1</sup>. These responses were associated with enhanced antioxidant capacity, increased chlorophyll accumulation, reduced oxidative-stress indicators, and altered endogenous hormone profiles. S1BR80 also increased rhizosphere microbial biomass and C/N/P-cycling enzyme activities and was associated with enrichment of plant-associated taxa, including <i>Sphingomonas</i> and <i>Massilia</i>, which were further supported by multivariate analyses.</p> Conclusion <p>S1BR80 may improve <i>A. sinensis</i> growth and root bioactive compound accumulation through coordinated host physiological, rhizosphere biochemical, and microbiome responses, providing a useful framework for multifunctional inoculants in sustainable medicinal plant cultivation.</p>

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Paenibacillus peoriae S1BR80 enhances Angelica sinensis growth and quality via reprogramming of plant hormones and reshaping of rhizosphere microbiome

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月24日

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  • Zuhua Yan,
  • Hui Jin,
  • Xiaoyan Yang,
  • Cuiping Hua,
  • Yue Yuan,
  • Xinxin Xu,
  • Bo Qin

摘要

Background and aims

Microbial inoculation offers a sustainable approach for improving Angelica sinensis cultivation, but how inoculants coordinate plant growth, root bioactive compound accumulation, and rhizosphere responses under different microbial backgrounds remains unclear. This study evaluated the effects of the multifunctional endophyte Paenibacillus peoriae S1BR80 on A. sinensis and associated plant-soil-microbiome responses.

Methods

A 2 × 2 factorial pot experiment combining soil sterilization and bacterial inoculation was conducted. Plant growth, root ligustilide and ferulic acid, physiological and hormonal traits, rhizosphere soil properties, and bacterial/fungal communities were analyzed using HPLC, biochemical and ELISA assays, soil enzyme measurements, 16S rRNA/ITS amplicon sequencing, and multivariate analyses.

Results

S1BR80 showed multiple plant growth-promoting traits and antifungal activity in vitro. In pots, S1BR80 enhanced A. sinensis growth and root bioactive compound accumulation, with stronger responses in sterilized soil. Under sterilized conditions, root dry biomass increased by 68.9%, ligustilide increased 10.5-fold to 18.40, and ferulic acid reached 6.04 mg g⁻1. These responses were associated with enhanced antioxidant capacity, increased chlorophyll accumulation, reduced oxidative-stress indicators, and altered endogenous hormone profiles. S1BR80 also increased rhizosphere microbial biomass and C/N/P-cycling enzyme activities and was associated with enrichment of plant-associated taxa, including Sphingomonas and Massilia, which were further supported by multivariate analyses.

Conclusion

S1BR80 may improve A. sinensis growth and root bioactive compound accumulation through coordinated host physiological, rhizosphere biochemical, and microbiome responses, providing a useful framework for multifunctional inoculants in sustainable medicinal plant cultivation.